Molecular detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates of chicken origin from East Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Background and Aim: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the respiratory disease agents in human and chicken. This bacterium is treated by antibiotic, but this treatment may trigger antibiotic resistance. Resistance gene in K. pneumoniae may be transferred to other bacteria. One of the known resistance genes is extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). This research aimed to study K. pneumoniae isolated from chicken farms in East Java, Indonesia, by observing the antibiotic resistance pattern and detect the presence of ESBL coding gene within the isolates. Materials and Methods: A total of 11 K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from 141 chicken cloacal swabs from two regencies in East Java. All isolates were identified using the polymerase chain reaction method. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by agar dilution method on identified isolates, which then processed for molecular characterization to detect ESBL coding gene within the K. pneumoniae isolates found. Results: The result of antibiotic sensitivity test in 11 isolates showed highest antibiotic resistance level toward ampicillin, amoxicillin, and oxytetracycline (100%, 100%, and 90.9%) and still sensitive to gentamicin. Resistance against colistin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, and enrofloxacin is varied by 90.9%, 54.5%, 27.3%, and 18.2%, respectively. All isolates of K. pneumoniae were classified as multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria. Resistance gene analysis revealed the isolates harbored as blaSHV (9.1%), blaTEM (100%), and blaCTX-M (90.9%). Conclusion: All the bacterial isolates were classified as MDR bacteria and harbored two of the transmissible ESBL genes. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria has the potential to spread its resistance properties.

Isolation and detection of antibiotics resistance genes of Escherichia coli from broiler farms in Sukabumi, Indonesia

“…In this research, the blaTEM gene was present in all isolates (100%; 25/25) with a 516-bp PCR product ( Fig. 3a ), as reported by Hayati et al [ 33 ].…”

Biofilm Formation and its Correlation with Antimicrobial Resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae

“…It was detected with percentages of 12% in each of chicken respiratory organs and meat products and 8% in milk products. These results are higher than Hayati et al [26] )9.2 %) in Indonesia, and Hossain et al [27] (6%) and Khalda et al [28] (8.69%) in Egypt. On the contrary, our results are lower than Younis and coauthors [29] who reported that Klebsiella species were recovered from 33 out of 90 diseased chickens with an isolation rate of 36.67%.…”

Detection and prevalence of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from poultry farms in Blitar, Indonesia

“…The pattern of antibiotic resistance is expected to be a guide in selecting the right antibiotic for treatment. The widespread use of antibiotics without close supervision can lead to antibiotic resistance (Hayati 2019). Until recently, antibiotics were easy to obtain and could be used without veterinary supervision.…”

“…Antibiotics are commonly used as therapy and to control microbial infections in humans and animals. However, the widespread use of an antibiotic may trigger the rise of antibiotic resistance not only in humans but in animals also (Kempf et al 2015;Hayati et al 2019). The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control/ European Food Safety Authority/European Medicines Agency (ECDC/EFSA/EMA) joint report in 2014 stated that the average antibiotic consumption in animals (152 mg/kg) was higher than in humans (124 mg/kg).…”

“…Five factors have been proposed for Klebsiella pathogenesis, including capsular antigen (as the most important virulence factor in K. pneumoniae), adhesives, lipopolysaccharide, siderophore (Struve et al 2009). Cases of multidrug resistance (MDR) have been reported in K. pneumoniae isolates against more than three types of antibiotics (Hayati et al 2019). Notably, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance is increasing among Enterobacteriaceae, including K. pneumoniae strains isolated from animals (Davis and Price 2016).…”