Molecular cloning and characterization of c-type lysozyme gene in orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides

Two duplicated chicken-type lysozyme genes in disc abalone Haliotis discus discus: Molecular aspects in relevance to structure, genomic organization, mRNA expression and bacteriolytic function

“…Increasing evidences have been reported a profound activity of lysozymes from diverse animals including teleosts [23,58,66,67] and marine invertebrates such as prawns [32,64], oysters [10,81] and echinoderms [84]. Analogously, another significant evidence of our study is that (r)abLysCs had a broad antibacterial spectra exhibiting activities against both Gram positive and Gram negative strains (Fig.…”

“…The (r) abLysCs were relatively active in acidic pH (3.5e6.5) as demonstrated for lysozymes of different species [10,66,67,81,82]. Interestingly, (r)abLysCs were bactericidal over a wide temperature range of 20e60 C with optimum activities as reported for its marine origin counterparts [23,32,66,67,81]. Retention of significant activity by (r)abLysCs at lower temperature was in accordance with a previous report suggesting that cold-active lysozymes are characteristic of cold-blooded aquatic animals to combat pathogens in different environmental contexts [83].…”

“…The evidences for antiviral activity of lysozyme have also been reported from marine species including E. coioides against SGIV [67] and a microbial strain S-12-86 against PRV [78]. Although the underlying mechanism(s) is uncertain, hydrolytic activity, inhibiting viral genome or transcripts and damaging viral polysaccharide were considered to be the possible antiviral strategies of lysozymes [77].…”

“…Pathogenic bacteria including Gram negative-(Vibrio and Aeromonas genus) and/or Gram positive-(Micrococcus luteus) species have been shown to up-regulate HdLysC in Ezo abalone [1], giant tiger shrimp [64], banana prawn [65], S. sole [63], tilapia [38], grass carp [66] and Epinephelus coioides [67]. V. parahemolyticus, the causative agent of 'withering syndrome' [2] and L. monocytogenes, a potential food born pathogen [68] were used in our study and found to stimulate abLysC transcript levels in a time-dependent manner.…”

Analysis of Two Lysozyme Genes and Antimicrobial Functions of Their Recombinant Proteins in Asian Seabass

“…Similar up-regulation in the expression of these two genes after the bacterial challenge were reported in a number of fish species, such as orange-spotted grouper [11] , Japanese flounder [14] and half-smooth tongue sole [48]. The expression of the c-type lysozyme was up-regulated by different bacterial stimuli in the kidney of the orange-spotted grouper [49], however no significant change was observed in brill after injection of LPS or bacteria [2]. The g-type lysozyme transcription level in blood, liver, spleen and head kidney was up-regulated after challenge with the bacteria Vibrio anguillarum in half-smooth tongue sole [48].…”