Molecular characterization and antifungal susceptibility profile of dermatophytes isolated from scalp dermatophyte carriage in primary school children in Arak city, Center of Iran

Allahdadi, M.; Hajihossein, Reza; Kord, Mohammad; Rahmati, E.; Amanloo, Saeid; Didehdar, Mojtaba

doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2019.01.002

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, in vitro studies have shown different results over the past decades. The lower activity of fluconazole than the other tested drugs in our isolates was similar to the greater number of MIC values fluconazole recorded for the T tonsurans isolates in other studies 13,31,32,36,37 . In our study, self‐medication and a history of repeated use of clotrimazole ointment were significantly more frequent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

In vitro activities of antifungal drugs against a large collection of Trichophyton tonsurans isolated from wrestlers

Kermani

Javidnia

Hedayati

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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Summary Background Trichophyton tonsurans is the most common agent causing tinea gladiatorum in wrestlers, and limited data on susceptibility profiles of Trichophyton tonsurans are available. Objectives We aimed to assess the in vitro activity of the common antifungal drug against a large collection of T tonsurans. Materials/Methods The in vitro activities to eight common antifungal drugs (sertaconazole, itraconazole, clotrimazole, fluconazole, butenafine, tolnaftate, terbinafine and griseofulvin) against 128 clinical isolates of T tonsurans strains, obtained from wrestlers with dermatophytosis, were performed according to CLSI M38‐A2 broth microdilution document. Results The geometric mean minimum inhibitory concentration was the lowest for tolnaftate (0.022 µg/mL), followed by itraconazole (0.026 µg/mL), terbinafine (0.033 µg/mL), butenafine (0.088 µg/mL), griseofulvin (0.566 µg/mL), sertaconazole (2.875 µg/mL), clotrimazole (3.419 µg/mL) and fluconazole (12.540 µg/mL). Conclusions Evaluation of antifungal susceptibility of dermatophytes showed that tolnaftate and itraconazole were the most effective drugs against T tonsurans and fluconazole had the least effect.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

In vitro activities of antifungal drugs against a large collection of Trichophyton tonsurans isolated from wrestlers

Kermani

Javidnia

Hedayati

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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“…The results of studies performed in these zones indicate that Trichophyton interdigitale , 5 Epidermophyton floccosum , 6 T violaceum 7 and T mentagrophytes 8 are the main agents of dermatophytosis in Iran. In 1980‐1990, T schoenleinii (33.3%) was identified as one of the main causative agents of tinea capitis in north‐western Iran 9 ; however, recent studies have shown its prevalence decrease 5,10,11 . In addition, due to the migration of people from rural areas to the capital of Iran during the Iran‐Iraq war (1980‐1988), Microsporum canis turned to be the major dermatophyte species causing infection in Tehran, Iran, 12 which has been replaced by T interdigitale in recent years 13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1980-1990, T schoenleinii (33.3%) was identified as one of the main causative agents of tinea capitis in north-western Iran 9 ; however, recent studies have shown its prevalence decrease. 5,10,11 In addition, due to the migration of people from rural areas to the capital of Iran during the Iran-Iraq war (1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986)(1987)(1988), Microsporum canis turned to be the major dermatophyte species causing infection in Tehran, Iran, 12 which has been replaced by T interdigitale in recent years. 13 The approved therapeutic strategies to treat dermatophytosis involve the use of griseofulvin (GRI) and systemic or topical formulations of triazoles and allylamines, mainly itraconazole (ITC) and terbinafine (TER), respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility among clinical isolates of dermatophytes in Shiraz, Iran (2017‐2019)

Zareshahrabadi

Totonchi

Rezaei‐Matehkolaei

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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Dermatophytosis is a common superficial mycotic infection affecting individual's quality of life worldwide. The present study aimed to perform species‐level identification and evaluate the antifungal susceptibility patterns of dermatophytes isolated in Shiraz, Iran. This cross‐sectional study was conducted on clinical samples collected during 2017‐2019 from 307 patients suspected of having dermatophytosis. The isolates were identified by direct microscopy, culture and internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA sequencing, and their antifungal susceptibility patterns were determined by the microdilution method. Among 307 patients, dermatophytosis was diagnosed by microscopy in 190 (61.8%) subjects and confirmed in 130 (42.3%) cases by both microscopy and culture. It was found out tinea pedis was the most common clinical manifestation, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes was the most prevalent species (28.4%), followed by T tonsurans (23.8%), Microsporum canis (11.5%), T interdigitale (10%), T verrucosum (6.9%), T rubrum (6.9%), T benhamiae (4.6%), T violaceum (3%), T simii (3%), Epidermophyton floccosum (0.7%) and M ferrugineum (0.7%). Moreover, it was revealed that luliconazole with a geometric mean (GM) minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.03 μg ml‐1 was the most effective agent against all tested isolates. Regardless of species, 30% of isolates responded to high MICs of griseofulvin (MIC90 > 2 μg ml‐1). The increasing prevalence of nonindigenous species of T simii, T benhamiae and M ferrugineum in Shiraz, Iran, was a notable finding. In addition, infections due to zoophilic species showed an increasing trend. These epidemiological data, along with antifungal susceptibility patterns, may have implications for clinical decision‐making and successful treatment.

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“…In one of the studies, by Allahdadi et al in Arak city, centre of Iran, T. tonsurans was the predominant species isolated from asymptomatic carriers. Infection due to T. tonsurans at times does not resolve at puberty 49…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreaks And Epidemics Of Superficial Dermatophytosis Due To Trichophyton mentagrophytes Complex And Microsporum canis: Global And Indian Scenario

Thakur¹,

Kalsi²

2019

CCID

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Until recently, superficial dermatophytosis, also known as tinea, was considered as a minor skin infection, which was easy to treat. There used to be rare outbreaks and epidemics of superficial dermatophytosis. Lately, there is a sweeping change in the clinical presentation due to extensive, atypical and recalcitrant dermatophytosis. Treating such infections poses a great challenge to the clinicians. Dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal infection of keratinized tissue (skin, hairs and nails) by dermatophytes (fungus). It is caused by the three genera of dermatophytes: Trichophyton, Epidermophyton and Microsporum. The conventional methods of laboratory diagnosis have now been substantiated by molecular characterization. Earlier epidemics were usually due to anthropophilic dermatophytes. Now, zoophilic dermatophytes are also responsible for many outbreaks and epidemics. We need to be equipped with the tools to face the current scenario, because this depends upon the competence of the staff working in the state-of-the-art laboratories, which is needed for the study of the epidemiology and appropriate treatment.

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Molecular characterization and antifungal susceptibility profile of dermatophytes isolated from scalp dermatophyte carriage in primary school children in Arak city, Center of Iran

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

In vitro activities of antifungal drugs against a large collection of Trichophyton tonsurans isolated from wrestlers

In vitro activities of antifungal drugs against a large collection of Trichophyton tonsurans isolated from wrestlers

Molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility among clinical isolates of dermatophytes in Shiraz, Iran (2017‐2019)

<p>Outbreaks And Epidemics Of Superficial Dermatophytosis Due To <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</em> Complex And <em>Microsporum canis</em>: Global And Indian Scenario</p>

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