Molecular Aspects of Cell Wall Modifications during Fruit Ripening

Brownleader, Michael D.; Jackson, P; Mobasheri, Ali; Pantelides, Andriana; Sumar, Salim; Trevan, M. D.; Dey, Prakash M.

doi:10.1080/10408399908500494

Cited by 103 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The common assumption that fruit softening (applying the most commonly used definition, of resistance of intact fruits to compression) is primarily, or even exclusively, the result of wall disassembly (Brownleader et al, 1999;Brummell and Harpster, 2001;Seymour et al, 2002;Rose et al, 2003;Brummell, 2006) is challenged by the data presented here. DFD fruits remained firm at the RR stage and were significantly firmer than AC fruits at the Br and RR stages, although patterns of wall polysaccharide modification and related gene expression, and the subsequent reduction in intercellular adhesion, were comparable in DFD and AC (Fig.…”

Section: Discussion Dfd Provides a Unique Source Of Genetic Materials mentioning

confidence: 62%

A Reevaluation of the Key Factors That Influence Tomato Fruit Softening and Integrity

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The softening of fleshy fruits, such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), during ripening is generally reported to result principally from disassembly of the primary cell wall and middle lamella. However, unsuccessful attempts to prolong fruit firmness by suppressing the expression of a range of wall-modifying proteins in transgenic tomato fruits do not support such a simple model. 'Delayed Fruit Deterioration' (DFD) is a previously unreported tomato cultivar that provides a unique opportunity to assess the contribution of wall metabolism to fruit firmness, since DFD fruits exhibit minimal softening but undergo otherwise normal ripening, unlike all known nonsoftening tomato mutants reported to date. Wall disassembly, reduced intercellular adhesion, and the expression of genes associated with wall degradation were similar in DFD fruit and those of the normally softening 'Ailsa Craig'. However, ripening DFD fruit showed minimal transpirational water loss and substantially elevated cellular turgor. This allowed an evaluation of the relative contribution and timing of wall disassembly and water loss to fruit softening, which suggested that both processes have a critical influence. Biochemical and biomechanical analyses identified several unusual features of DFD cuticles and the data indicate that, as with wall metabolism, changes in cuticle composition and architecture are an integral and regulated part of the ripening program. A model is proposed in which the cuticle affects the softening of intact tomato fruit both directly, by providing a physical support, and indirectly, by regulating water status.

show abstract

Section: Discussion Dfd Provides a Unique Source Of Genetic Materials mentioning

confidence: 62%

A Reevaluation of the Key Factors That Influence Tomato Fruit Softening and Integrity

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It should be noted that electron micrographs depicting the degradation associated specifically with infection thread initiation show that degradation, while localized, is more widespread and diffuse than that shown by Mateos et al Plants clearly have the capability to degrade, or otherwise alter, their cell walls. For example, cell walls are weakened or degraded during root hair initiation, fruit ripening, pollen tube transit down the pistil, and leaf abscission (21,34,35,137). Observations that cell wall-degrading enzyme activities, induced by compatible bacteria, do not occur in the presence of nitrate are easiest to explain if the host has at least some control over degradation in response to rhizobial infection (52,105,173).…”

Section: Degradation Of Cell Wall Associated With Infection Thread Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection and Invasion of Roots by Symbiotic, Nitrogen-Fixing Rhizobia during Nodulation of Temperate Legumes

Gage

2004

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

769

532

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bacteria belonging to the genera Rhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Sinorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, and Azorhizobium (collectively referred to as rhizobia) grow in the soil as free-living organisms but can also live as nitrogen-fixing symbionts inside root nodule cells of legume plants. The interactions between several rhizobial species and their host plants have become models for this type of nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. Temperate legumes such as alfalfa, pea, and vetch form indeterminate nodules that arise from root inner and middle cortical cells and grow out from the root via a persistent meristem. During the formation of functional indeterminate nodules, symbiotic bacteria must gain access to the interior of the host root. To get from the outside to the inside, rhizobia grow and divide in tubules called infection threads, which are composite structures derived from the two symbiotic partners. This review focuses on symbiotic infection and invasion during the formation of indeterminate nodules. It summarizes root hair growth, how root hair growth is influenced by rhizobial signaling molecules, infection of root hairs, infection thread extension down root hairs, infection thread growth into root tissue, and the plant and bacterial contributions necessary for infection thread formation and growth. The review also summarizes recent advances concerning the growth dynamics of rhizobial populations in infection threads

show abstract

“…Their antioxidant properties, coupled with high dietary fiber content, have been medically recognized as having positive influences on protecting against the risk of many diseases (Brownleader et al, 1999). To date, we still lack valuable information on the molecular events that control strawberry fruit development, ripening, and adaptation to environmental cues that are all complex biological processes involving the coordinated regulation of genes and biochemical pathways.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Insight into Vascular, Stress, and Auxin-Dependent and -Independent Gene Expression Programs in Strawberry, a Non-Climacteric Fruit

Keizer²,

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using cDNA microarrays, a comprehensive investigation of gene expression was carried out in strawberry (Fragaria ϫ ananassa) fruit to understand the flow of events associated with its maturation and non-climacteric ripening. We detected key processes and novel genes not previously associated with fruit development and ripening, related to vascular development, oxidative stress, and auxin response. Microarray analysis during fruit development and in receptacle and seed (achene) tissues established an interesting parallelism in gene expression between the transdifferentiation of tracheary elements in Zinnia elegans and strawberry. One of the genes, CAD, common to both systems and encoding the lignin-related protein cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, was immunolocalized to immature xylem cells of the vascular bundles in the strawberry receptacle. To examine the importance of oxidative stress in ripening, gene expression was compared between fruit treated on-vine with a free radical generator and non-treated fruit. Of 46 genes induced, 20 were also ripening regulated. This might suggest that active gene expression is induced to cope with oxidative stress conditions during ripening or that the strawberry ripening transcriptional program is an oxidative stress-induced process. To gain insight into the hormonal control of non-climacteric fruit ripening, an additional microarray experiment was conducted comparing gene expression in fruit treated exogenously with auxin and control fruit. Novel auxin-dependent genes and processes were identified in addition to transcriptional programs acting independent of auxin mainly related to cell wall metabolism and stress response.

show abstract

Molecular Aspects of Cell Wall Modifications during Fruit Ripening

Cited by 103 publications

References 58 publications

A Reevaluation of the Key Factors That Influence Tomato Fruit Softening and Integrity

A Reevaluation of the Key Factors That Influence Tomato Fruit Softening and Integrity

Infection and Invasion of Roots by Symbiotic, Nitrogen-Fixing Rhizobia during Nodulation of Temperate Legumes

Novel Insight into Vascular, Stress, and Auxin-Dependent and -Independent Gene Expression Programs in Strawberry, a Non-Climacteric Fruit

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About