Molecular and epidemiological characterization of Giardia Intestinalis assemblages detected in Djelfa, Algeria

Rebih, Nadjat; Boutaiba, Saad; Aboualchamat, Ghalia; Souttou, Karim; Hakem, Ahcen; Nahhas, Samar Al

doi:10.1007/s12639-020-01206-8

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Molecular typing of Giardia duodenalis assemblages using β-giardin gene was done according to the protocol performed by Skhal et al (2016) . The amplified products were digested by HaeIII restriction enzyme (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) according to the protocol used by Rabih et al (2020) . Digested products were separated by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis at 100 V for 20 min, in parallel with 100 bp DNA ladder (Sigma) as size standard, and three different assemblage types as controls, then visualized and photographed using a UV trans illuminator.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of parasitic contamination of salad vegetables sold by street vendors in city markets in Damascus, Syria

Nahhas

Aboualchamat

2020

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

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Monitoring parasitic contamination in raw vegetables used in salads is an important measure in controlling the occurrence of gastroenterological diseases, which may be life-threatening. This study aimed to inspect the parasitological contamination of some raw vegetables used in salads. Eight commonly consumed vegetable types were purchased from street vendors in the city markets. Vegetables were washed and the sediments were obtained for microscopic examination. Genomic DNA was isolated from contaminated samples. Our result showed that 34.4% of the studied samples were contaminated with one or more species of parasites. Lettuce was the most commonly contaminated vegetable type (29.5%), while tarragon leaves showed the lowest level of contamination (2.3%). The risk of contamination was significantly higher in lettuce samples in comparison with the other samples studied. Giardia duodenalis was the most prevalent parasite detected (38.6%) and was abundantly found in lettuce isolates (23.5%). Molecular typing revealed that all Giardia samples found in the contaminated specimens belonged to Assemblage B. Blastocystis spp. were the second most prevalent parasite in samples (29.5%), they were frequently detected in lettuce leaves (30.8%). Other parasites were found in low frequencies. The high level of parasitic contamination found in our study indicates an urgent need to identify the sources of contamination and to monitor irrigation water and ensure its cleanliness.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of parasitic contamination of salad vegetables sold by street vendors in city markets in Damascus, Syria

Nahhas

Aboualchamat

2020

Food and Waterborne Parasitology

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“…However, in Africa, very little data is available [ 19 ], and the extent of ASH in G. duodenalis in humans in Africa has been elucidated only to a very limited extent [ 20 ]. Particularly in Algeria, there is—to our knowledge—only one Giardia genotyping study on human isolates; however, no DNA sequencing data were available in that study [ 21 ]. Therefore, in order to provide some baseline data on the molecular epidemiology of Giardia infections in children and adults in Algeria, we carried out a study to characterize G. duodenalis from two separate geographical areas, using real-time PCR, assemblage-specific PCR, tpi -sequencing-based genotyping, and analysis of ASH within Giardia assemblages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children and Adults Sampled in Algeria

et al. 2020

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The molecular epidemiology of giardiasis in Africa remains unclear. A study was carried out across four hospitals in Algeria. A total of 119 fecal samples from 55 children, 37 adults, and 27 individuals of undetermined age, all scored positive for intestinal parasites by microscopy, and were screened by real-time PCR for Giardia. Molecular characterization of Giardia was performed by assemblage-specific PCR and PCR targeting the triose phosphate isomerase gene (tpi). Of the 119 samples, 80 (67%) were Giardia-positive by real-time PCR. For 48 moderately-highly real-time PCR-positive samples, tpi genotyping assigned 22 samples to Assemblage A and 26 to Assemblage B. Contrary to Assemblage A, Assemblage B exhibited substantial genetic diversity and allelic heterozygosity. Assemblage-specific PCR proved to be specific for discriminating Assemblage A or B but not as sensitive as tpi genotyping. We confirmed that real-time PCR is more sensitive than microscopy for detecting Giardia in stool samples and that robust amplification and sequencing of the tpi gene is feasible when moderate-to-strongly real-time PCR-positive samples are used. This study is one of the few performed in Africa providing genotyping data on Giardia infections in humans. Both assemblages A and B were commonly seen and not associated with specific sociodemographic data.

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“…These studies revealed a high prevalence of G. duodenalis infection, with significant genetic polymorphism observed among isolates of both assemblages A (AI, mostly AII and novels), and B (BIII, BIV, BS1, BS6, and novels). Furthermore, the studies highlighted that assemblage B isolates exhibited allelic sequence heterozygosity or mixed infection, unlike assemblage A isolates (Lalle et al, 2009;Benhassine et al, 2020;Rebih et al, 2020).…”

Section: G Duodenalis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

<em>Giardia duodenalis</em> en Algérie : une revue dans le cadre du concept Une seule santé

Thomas,

Polack,

Mammeri

2024

Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop.

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Giardia duodenalis est un parasite protozoaire qui infecte principalement l’intestin grêle de divers mammifères, y compris les humains. Il s’agit d’un complexe d’espèces composé de plusieurs génotypes connus sous le nom d’assemblages A à H. Les assemblages A et B sont considérés comme les plus zoonotiques, présentant ainsi un risque significatif pour la santé humaine, tandis que les assemblages C à H se trouvent chez les animaux de compagnie, le bétail, les rongeurs et les vertébrés marins. La giardiose, due à G. duodenalis, est l’infection parasitaire intestinale la plus courante dans le monde. En Algérie, il existe des données limitées sur l’occurrence et les caractéristiques génétiques de G. duodenalis, entravant la compréhension de son épidémiologie, de son impact et de son potentiel zoonotique. Cette revue se concentre sur la recherche menée en Algérie, couvrant les humains, les animaux et l’environnement, en mettant l’accent sur l’approche «Une seule santé». Les bases de données PubMed et ResearchGate ont été utilisées pour accéder aux publications pertinentes sur la présence de G. duodenalis chez les humains, les animaux ou dans l’environnement de janvier 2000 à avril 2023. Dix-sept publications ont été identifiées, parmi lesquelles seuls quatre articles utilisaient des outils moléculaires pour identifier G. duodenalis. Les résultats ont révélé la présence de G. duodenalis chez les humains, les animaux d’élevage (bovins, ovins et chameaux) et dans l’environnement (échantillons d’eau et de sol). La prévalence et la diversité génétique des isolats de G. duodenalis variaient selon les régions et les groupes d’âge, aussi bien chez les humains que chez les animaux. L’assemblage A était couramment trouvé chez les humains et les animaux, indiquant une transmission zoonotique potentielle. Des études supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour comprendre de manière approfondie la dynamique de transmission de G. duodenalis, son potentiel zoonotique et les implications pour la santé publique et le bien-être animal en Algérie. Aborder G. duodenalis nécessite des efforts collaboratifs dans le cadre du concept «Une seule santé», impliquant des vétérinaires, des biologistes, des écologistes et des professionnels de la santé. La mise en oeuvre de stratégies de prévention et de contrôle adaptées à des régions spécifiques et l'amélioration des pratiques d’hygiène et d’élevage sont essentielles pour réduire la charge de la giardiose tant chez les humains que chez les animaux.

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Molecular and epidemiological characterization of Giardia Intestinalis assemblages detected in Djelfa, Algeria

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Investigation of parasitic contamination of salad vegetables sold by street vendors in city markets in Damascus, Syria

Investigation of parasitic contamination of salad vegetables sold by street vendors in city markets in Damascus, Syria

Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children and Adults Sampled in Algeria

<em>Giardia duodenalis</em> en Algérie : une revue dans le cadre du concept Une seule santé

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