Molecular and crystal assembly inside the carbon nanotube: encapsulation and manufacturing approaches

Abstract

Encapsulation of different guest-species such as molecules and ions inside carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been reported in the literatures during the last 15 years and represents an exciting development of nanoengineering of novel materials and composites. The reported nanocomposite materials show the semi-conducting properties with potential applications in nanosensors, nanounits and nanocircuits as well as advanced energy transfer and storage properties, and encompass manufacturing for novel nanowires, nanoelectronic devices with properties designed with optoelectronic, spintronic and nanomagnetic qualities. This review reports on a wide range of encapsulation references with particular focus on single molecules, atomic chains, metal halides and polymers encapsulated inside CNTs. The encapsulation methods and the chemical and physical qualities of these novel materials are crucial for the future manufacturing of novel innovations in nanotechnology, and represent therefore the current state-ofthe-art of encapsulation methods in advanced manufacturing.

Stereochemistry of Simple Molecules inside Nanotubes and Fullerenes: Unusual Behavior of Usual Systems

“…The structure and properties of hybrid molecule-nanotube and fullerene systems were investigated with both experimental and theoretical methods. In addition to the practical use (such clusters, with unique magnetic and optical properties, are interesting as conductors and semiconductors, effective transporters of drugs in biological systems, and for hydrogen and methane storage) it is important to note that due to the extensive charge transfer between the carbon cage and the guest molecule, the latter acquires an electric charge [27,29,[35][36][37]43,52,62,66]. Besides that, weak and van der Waals interactions play an important role in the molecular encapsulation [66].…”

Methods for dispersing carbon nanotubes for nanotechnology applications: liquid nanocrystals, suspensions, polyelectrolytes, colloids and organization control

“…Modification of carbon nanotubes can furthermore be a critical part of tailoring their properties for other applications as well, such as environmental remediation [8], catalysis [9][10][11], battery components [12][13][14][15][16][17], or also as fuel sources [17]. Functionalization and modification of the carbon nanotube is 1 3 essential also because it gives completely new nanomaterials as starting base for developing new components in nanoelectronics and nanophotonics [5,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] and can provide unique spintronic properties for particularly photonic applications and in bionanosensors [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39], as well as function as nanoswitches [18] and nanoresistors [33,40].…”

Катионы В Фуллеренах Малого Диаметра: Примеры Передачи Заряда В Эндокомплексе

“…Заметный интерес к физико-химическим процессам, происходящим с соединениями внутри фуллеренов и нанотрубок обусловлен активным влиянием последних на строение, электронное состояние и реакционную способность инкапсулированных молекул [1]. В частности, компьютерное моделированиестроения нейтральных молекул, химически не связанных с оболочкой наносистемы, показало, что такойсубстратприобретает электрический заряд за счет передачи последнего с оболочки фуллерена либо нанотрубки [2].…”