Molecular analysis and pathogenicity of the Cladophialophora carrionii complex, with the description of a novel species

Hoog, G.S. de; Nishikaku, Angela Satie; Fernandez-Zeppenfeldt, G.; Padín-González, C.; Burger, Eva; Badali, Hamid; Richard-Yegres, N.; Ende, A. H. G. Gerrits van den

doi:10.3114/sim.2007.58.08

Cited by 106 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These A. flavus strains were identified on the basis of macroscopic and microscopic morphological characteristics. The morphological identification of the Aspergillus flavus isolates was verified by internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), 5.8S, and ITS2 region rRNA sequence analysis, as described previously (5).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite Typing To Trace Aspergillus flavus Infections in a Hematology Unit

et al. 2010

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Assessing the relatedness of strains isolated from patients and their environment is instrumental in documenting the source of preventable health care-associated life-threatening Aspergillus flavus human infection clusters. The present study aimed at identifying and selecting suitable microsatellite markers for A. flavus typing. This typing scheme was then applied to investigate the A. flavus epidemiology within a hematology unit in Sfax, Tunisia. Use of a combination of five markers made it possible to discern clusters of isolates and to substantiate the genetic diversity of A. flavus within clusters. Isolates from Tunisia and Marseille, France, displayed distinct haplotypes, indicating a highly significant geographical structuring of A. flavus. The typing of clinical and environmental A. flavus isolates in a hematology unit provided insights into its hospital epidemiology. From a heterogeneous genetic background, a cluster indicative of a clonal propagation episode within the unit could be identified. In two patients with invasive aspergillosis, the same genotype was found in clinical and environmental isolates, indicating hospital-acquired colonization and infection. In further studies, this novel microsatellite typing scheme might be instrumental in illuminating important epidemiological issues about A. flavus population genetics or epidemiology, including tracing the sources and routes of transmission.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite Typing To Trace Aspergillus flavus Infections in a Hematology Unit

et al. 2010

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“…The fungal "giant cell" is a central cell in dimorphism that enables rapid change between waterborne yeast and hydrophobic filamentous growth, and vice versa. Hydrophobic, catenate conidia (anamorph genus Cladophialophora) may serve for airborne dispersal (37). In the human host, hydrophobicity may explain the neurotropic character of some severe pathogens, such as Cladophialophora bantiana.…”

Section: Virulence Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A striking example is the species pair Cladophialophora carrionii and Cladophialophora yegresii, which are nearly exclusively found as agents of human disease and on cactus thorns, respectively (37).…”

Section: Pathogenicity and Virulencementioning

confidence: 99%

Black Yeasts and Their Filamentous Relatives: Principles of Pathogenesis and Host Defense

et al. 2014

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SUMMARY Among the melanized fungi, the so-called “black yeasts” and their filamentous relatives are particularly significant as agents of severe phaeohyphomycosis, chromoblastomycosis, and mycetoma in humans and animals. The pathogenicity and virulence of these fungi may differ significantly between closely related species. The factors which probably are of significance for pathogenicity include the presence of melanin and carotene, formation of thick cell walls and meristematic growth, presence of yeast-like phases, thermo- and perhaps also osmotolerance, adhesion, hydrophobicity, assimilation of aromatic hydrocarbons, and production of siderophores. Host defense has been shown to rely mainly on the ingestion and elimination of fungal cells by cells of the innate immune system, especially neutrophils and macrophages. However, there is increasing evidence supporting a role of T-cell-mediated immune responses, with increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) and low levels of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) being deleterious during the infection. There are no standardized therapies for treatment. It is therefore important to obtain in vitro susceptibilities of individual patients' fungal isolates in order to provide useful information for selection of appropriate treatment protocols. This article discusses the pathogenesis and host defense factors for these fungi and their severity, chronicity, and subsequent impact on treatment and prevention of diseases in human or animal hosts.

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“…Cladophialophora carrionii and C. yegresii, however, tolerate higher temperatures (both species can grow at 37 °C; de Hoog et al 2007). Furthermore, a phialidic synasexual stage occasionally produced by C. carrionii (de Hoog et al 2000), was not observed in C. pseudocarrionii.…”

Section: Molecular and Morphological Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

New and interesting chaetothyrialean fungi from Spain

et al. 2016

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In the course of taxonomic studies on saprobic microfungi from Spain, several slow-growing, dematiaceous hyphomycetes were isolated from soil, submerged plant material and river sediments. Sixteen of these strains were identified as members of the ascomycete order Chaetothyriales on the basis of morphology and DNA sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region and partial large subunit ribosomal RNA gene. These included three novel species (Cladophialophora pseudocarrionii, Cyphellophora chlamydospora, and Rhinocladiella amoena) and five interesting, little-known or clinically-relevant species (Cyphellophora suttonii, Exophiala aquamarina, E. lacus, E. radicis, and Rhinocladiella similis). In addition, Exophiala oligosperma, an emerging opportunistic fungus, was found for the first time in an aquatic freshwater environment (river sediments). Cladophialophora pseudocarrionii resembles C. carrionii in the branching pattern of its conidial chains, but differs from the latter species in its inability to grow at 30 °C. Cyphellophora chlamydospora differs from other species of the genus in the absence of conidiation, producing only chlamydospores in vitro. Rhinocladiella amoena shows branched conidiophores similar to those of R. anceps, R. atrovirens, R. basitona and R. similis, but differs from them in conidial shape and size. The ex-type strain of Phialophora livistonae, included in the phylogenetic study, clustered with high statistical support with members of the genus Cyphellophora and is transferred to this genus.

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Molecular analysis and pathogenicity of the Cladophialophora carrionii complex, with the description of a novel species

Cited by 106 publications

References 44 publications

Microsatellite Typing To Trace Aspergillus flavus Infections in a Hematology Unit

Microsatellite Typing To Trace Aspergillus flavus Infections in a Hematology Unit

Black Yeasts and Their Filamentous Relatives: Principles of Pathogenesis and Host Defense

New and interesting chaetothyrialean fungi from Spain

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