Modulatory effects of garlic and neem leaf extracts on N‐methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)‐induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats

Abstract

The effects of garlic and neem leaf extracts on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status during administration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), a carcinogenic nitrosamine were evaluated in male Wistar rats. Extracts of garlic and neem leaf were administered orally for five consecutive days before intraperitoneal injection of MNNG. Enhanced lipid peroxidation in the stomach, liver and circulation of MNNG-treated rats was accompanied by a significant decrease in glutathione (GSH) and the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). Administration of garlic and neem leaf extracts significantly decreased the formation of lipid peroxides and enhanced the levels of antioxidants and detoxifying enzymes in stomach, the primary target organ for MNNG, as well as in the liver and circulation. The results of the present study suggest that garlic and neem may exert their protective effects by modulating lipid peroxidation and enhancing the levels of GSH and GSH-dependent enzymes.

Effect of garlic oil on ethanol induced gastric ulcers in rats

“…It also ameliorated the increase in lipid peroxidation and the decrease in antioxidant enzymes caused by ethanol. These results are in accordance with previous studies which showed that administration of garlic extract decreased the lipid peroxidation and enhanced the levels of antioxidants (Arivazhagan et al, 2000).…”

Evaluation of antiarthritic activity of nimbolide against Freund’s adjuvant induced arthritis in rats

“…Increased levels of MDA in group II rats has altered cellular membranes structure and function which eventually leads to increased ROS production [50]. Antioxidant property of nimbolide has significantly decreased the MDA levels which correlates with the current results [51,52]. CFA administered rats also displayed marked decline in activity of antioxidant enzymes which might be due to accumulation of MDA that might have reduced the levels of CAT through inhibition of protein synthesis [53].…”

Anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, and anti-proliferative effects of a methanolic neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract are mediated via modulation of the nuclear factor-κB pathway

“…Related to cancer, Arivazahagan and coworkers suggest that neem leaf extract may exert its chemopreventive effects by down-regulation of lipid peroxidation, simultaneously increasing the level of glutathione (GSH) and GSH-dependent enzymes [6]. The strong chemopreventive activity of the extract could additionally be confirmed in vivo in rodents [22,58].…”