“… Polymer Type | Polymer Name | Chemical Structure | Existence in Osteochondral Tissue and/or Origin | Advantages | Limitations | References |
Natural polymers: Polysaccharide | Hyaluronic acid (HA) | | Yes. The most abundant GAG in native cartilage | ECM component (vital in the structural and functional maintenance of cartilage: the morphogenesis and proliferation of chondrocytes, formation of proteoglycans and collagen II, water adsorption and retention, lubrication and compression bearing, immune system modulation), easy to be functionalized | Poor mechanical properties, rapid degradation, week cell adhesion | [ [84] , [85] , [86] , [87] ] |
| Chondroitin sulfate | | Yes. A sulfated GAG ubiquitous in native cartilage ECM | ECM component (beneficial in reducing pain and functional limitation associated with knee osteoarthritis, anti-inflammatory activity, role in cell recognition and signaling), easy to be functionalized | Poor mechanical properties, rapid degradation | [ [88] , [89] , [90] , [91] , [92] ] |
| Alginate | | No. |
…”