Modification of TiO₂nanotube surfaces by electro-spray deposition of amoxicillin combined with PLGA for bactericidal effects at surgical implantation sites

Abstract

This study used electro-spray deposition (ESD) methodology to obtain amoxicillin deposition in nanotube structures of TiO(2) and found the optimal deposition time of amoxicillin/PLGA solution simultaneously performing non-toxicity and a high bactericidal effect for preventing early implant failures.

Antimicrobial dental implant functionalization strategies —A systematic review

“…The results showed enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition by osteoblast cells 27) . Antibiotic-releasing surfaces were non-toxic to osteoblast cells and showed good cytocompatibility compared to uncoated titanium 21,31,36) . Load concentrations of 1.4 and 0.7% CHX resulted in harmful changes in eukaryotic cell morphology, including shrinkage, smaller and pyknotic cells, and loss of cytoplasmic processes, which suggests that there are cytotoxic effects.…”

“…Other drawbacks are the burst release kinetics (see below) 25) . Moreover, it is unclear whether drug metabolites may influence osseointegration 160) . The drugs investigated included conventional antibiotics such as amoxicillin, vancomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, minocycline or cephalotin, which were incorporated in controlled release devices.…”

“…An interactive implant surface with pH-dependent or infection-dependent antibiotic release might avoid this shortcoming, but has not yet been introduced to dental implant materials research. Antibiotics are capable of reducing bacterial colonization with S. mutans 22,39) S. epidermidis 31) and S.aureus 38) , P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. intermedia, P. aeruginosa 40) and E. coli 21,23,36) on titanium surfaces. Chlorhexidine (CHX)-loaded titanium surfaces reduce colonization with streptococci and S. aureus in comparison to titanium control [24][25][26] .…”

Polymeric nanobiocomposites for biomedical applications

“…Likewise, Chao et al 148 electrospun polymeric nanofibers and penicillin G sodium coated on to catheter; their efficiency in penetration through pleural cavity was measured and compared, and it was concluded that the antibiotic eluting catheter has potential in treating empyema. Moreover, several attempts were made to use both the antibiotics and metal oxides to exterminate surgical infection, for example, Lee et al 152 coated antibody to amoxicillin onto TiO 2 nanotube/PGLA nanobiocomposites in order to avoid early rejection of dental and bone plate after surgery and reported that they promoted high antibacterial effect against S. aureus.…”

Ag-plasma modification enhances bone apposition around titanium dental implants: an animal study in Labrador dogs

“…Therefore, a titanium dioxide tube surface was modified with a mixture of amoxicillin and poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid to obtain antibacterial properties. 36 The antibacterial activity of sol-gel nitrogen oxide coatings on orthopedic implants was also investigated. 37 However, most of the reports are addressed to verify efficacy against one or more bacterial strains but fall short of reporting its biocompatibility.…”