Modifiable Risk Factors for Nursing Home-Acquired Pneumonia

Quagliarello, Vincent; Ginter, Sandra; Han, Ling; Ness, Peter Van; Allore, Heather G.; Tinetti, Mary E.

doi:10.1086/426023

Cited by 170 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This finding may be related to better oral hygiene. Several studies provide evidence that the oral cavity may influence the initiation and/or progression of respiratory infections [25]. In contrast, symptoms of dental dysaesthesia suggestive of dental caries and the use of dental prosthesis were associated with CAP in the bivariate analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

New evidence of risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia: a population-based study

Almirall

Bolíbar²,

Serra‐Prat³

et al. 2008

European Respiratory Journal

305

314

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The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), with special emphasis on modifiable risk factors and those applicable to the general population.A population-based, case-control study was conducted, with a target population of 859,033 inhabitants aged .14 yrs. A total of 1,336 patients with confirmed CAP were matched to control subjects by age, sex and primary centre over 1 yr.In the univariate analysis, outstanding risk factors were passive smoking in never-smokers aged .65 yrs, heavy alcohol intake, contact with pets, households with .10 people, contact with children, interventions on the upper airways and poor dental health. Risky treatments included amiodarone, N-acetylcysteine and oral steroids. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccine, and visiting the dentist were protective factors. Multivariable analysis confirmed cigarette smoking, usual contact with children, sudden changes of temperature at work, inhalation therapy (particularly containing steroids and using plastic pear-spacers), oxygen therapy, asthma and chronic bronchitis as independent risk factors.Interventions for reducing community-acquired pneumonia should integrate health habits and lifestyle factors related to household, work and community, together with individual clinical conditions, comorbidities and oral or inhaled regular treatments. Prevention would include vaccination, dental hygiene and avoidance of upper respiratory colonisation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

New evidence of risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia: a population-based study

Almirall

Bolíbar²,

Serra‐Prat³

et al. 2008

European Respiratory Journal

305

314

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Generally, AMRs of the cohort were stably lower than those of the national average, suggesting a possibility that the present study failed to detect some of the pneumonia cases in the cohort. This is especially true for patients as well as case-control studies have been conducted, [1][2][3][4][5] there have been few systematic investigations into community residents' risk factors: smoking, 6-8 medical history such as heart disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus, 7,8 expiratory volume, 8 and lower body mass index (BMI) 7,9 are some. These studies were relatively small population studies, and lifestyle influences were largely uncharted.…”

Section: Demographic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk and Protective Factors Related to Mortality from Pneumonia among Middleaged and Elderly Community Residents: The JACC Study

Inoue

Koizumi

Wada

et al. 2007

Journal of Epidemiology

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“…Patients with TBI and dysphagia have longer average hospital admissions compared to those without dysphagia [11] and are at risk of weight loss, malnutrition and dehydration [12]. Dysphagia is causally linked with an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia; [13][14][15][16] the incidence of which can be as high as 12 % following severe TBI [14]. The social and psychological impacts of dysphagia can reduce patients' quality of life [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Dysphagia Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Howle

Baguley

Brown

2014

Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep

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Dysphagia is a common morbidity and cause of mortality following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite this, there is a paucity of evidence demonstrating the efficacy of dysphagia management strategies and treatments in this population. Typically, subjects with dysphagia following TBI are placed into non-specific 'neurogenic' dysphagia subject groups, which include subjects with degenerative neurological diseases, neurological cancers, and cerebrovascular accident. However, dysphagia following TBI has a multifactorial presentation, with causative and contributory factors including cognitivecommunication, behavioral, neurological, and mechanical issues. As such, the management for dysphagia post-TBI must be multifactorial, team-based and involve the patients' families and carers. Much of the research regarding the management and treatment of dysphagia in general is in its infancy: larger and more rigorous studies are required to demonstrate treatment efficacy. More studies specifically examining dysphagia and its management in the TBI population are required to ensure the future efficacy and accuracy of treatment.

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Modifiable Risk Factors for Nursing Home-Acquired Pneumonia

Abstract: Two biologically plausible and modifiable risk factors increased the risk of pneumonia in elderly nursing home residents. These results provide a framework for the development and testing of a targeted pneumonia prevention strategy.

Cited by 170 publications

References 41 publications

New evidence of risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia: a population-based study

New evidence of risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia: a population-based study

Risk and Protective Factors Related to Mortality from Pneumonia among Middleaged and Elderly Community Residents: The JACC Study

Management of Dysphagia Following Traumatic Brain Injury

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