Models for flexural cracking in concrete: the state of the art

Borosnyói, Adorján; Balázs, G.

doi:10.1680/stco.2005.6.2.53

Cited by 144 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Slip relates to a displacement discontinuity between the reinforcement and the surrounding concrete parallel to the reinforcement, while separation corresponds to a displacement discontinuity between the reinforcement and the surrounding concrete perpendicular (in the surface-plane) to the reinforcement. The average crack spacing and, thus, cracking-induced damage along the SCI depends on the reinforcing bar diameter, bond characteristics, concrete strength, concrete cover, the distribution of perpendicular rebars, and effective reinforcement ratio [76]. While crack widths of primary, internal, and secondary cracks range between lm and mm, the extent of these cracks can be up to several meters.…”

Section: Cracks Slip and Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The steel–concrete interface

et al. 2017

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Although the steel-concrete interface (SCI) is widely recognized to influence the durability of reinforced concrete, a systematic overview and detailed documentation of the various aspects of the SCI are lacking. In this paper, we compiled a comprehensive list of possible local characteristics at the SCI and reviewed available information regarding their properties as well as their occurrence in engineering structures and in the laboratory. Given the complexity of the SCI, we suggested a systematic approach to describe it in terms of local characteristics and their physical and chemical properties. It was found that the SCI exhibits significant spatial inhomogeneity along and around as well as perpendicular to the reinforcing steel. The SCI can differ strongly between different engineering structures and also between different members within a structure; particular differences are expected between structures built before and after the 1970/1980s. A single SCI representing all on-site conditions does not exist. Additionally, SCIs in common laboratory-made specimens exhibit significant differences compared to engineering structures. Thus, results from laboratory studies and from practical experience should be applied to engineering structures with caution. Finally, recommendations for further research are made. This report was prepared by the working group within RILEM TC 262-SCI, and further reviewed and approved by all members of the RILEM TC 262-SCI.

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Section: Cracks Slip and Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The steel–concrete interface

et al. 2017

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“…Unfortunately, the evaluation of w and s r in RC and R/FRC beams under bending and compression still remains an open problem. Despite the huge amount of investigations on RC structures in more than a century (see (Borosnyoi and Balazs) [3] for a review), the existing formulae for evaluating crack width and crack spacing are not unanimously accepted. As a matter of fact, while the American Concrete Institute [4] suggests an empirical approach for the evaluation of w (derived from the tests by (Gergely and Lutz) [5], which is independent of crack distance, both CEB-FIP Model Code 90 [6] and (Eurocode 2) [7] recommend the following semi-empirical formula:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eqs. (1)(2)(3) are not always effective for the prediction of real crack patters in RC and R/FRC members subjected to bending moment and normal forces. It is sufficient to recall that crack width is arbitrarily assumed to be in direct proportion with a unique value of crack distance, generally measured at stabilized crack pattern by Eqs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crack Patterns in Reinforced and Fiber Reinforced Concrete Structures

Chiaia¹,

Fantilli²,

Vallini³

2008

TOBCTJ

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The cracking phenomenon of members made of traditional reinforced concrete (RC) or by combining steel fibers and traditional reinforcing bars (R/FRC) is analyzed in this paper. Referring to the tensile zone of a beam subjected to bending moment and axial load, a unique block model is introduced to predict crack widths, crack lengths and crack distances. The proposed approach, based on the nonlinear behaviour of the cracked cement-based material in tension, and on the bond-slip interaction between rebars and concrete, provides crack patterns similar to those observed in different experimental campaigns. Cracks in R/FRC beams are generally narrower, and originate at small distances, than those observed in RC beams having the same geometry and reinforcement ratio. This is entirely due to the presence of fibers, here considered through the Reinforcing Index, which is the product of volume percentage and fiber aspect ratio. However, the beneficial effect of fiber-reinforcement vanishes with the increase of structural dimension. Thus, in the case of massive structures, it appears necessary a direct calculation of the crack width, even in the presence of fibers.

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“…A summary of the previous work on crack width and spacing formulations in RC members are presented in Borosnyoi and Balazs [29]. In general, these equations have the following format [30]:…”

Section: Code Provisions For Crack Spacing and Crack Widthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cracking behavior and crack width predictions of FRP strengthened RC members under tension

Zomorodian

Yang

Belarbi

et al. 2016

Engineering Structures

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link CRACKING BEHAVIOR AND CRACK WIDTH PREDICTIONS OF FRP STRENGTHENED RC MEMBERS UNDER TENSION AbstractThis paper presents and discusses the experimental results of uniaxial tensile tests of fiber reinforced polymer externally strengthened reinforced concrete (FRP strengthened RC) prisms in terms of crack width and crack spacing. As a non-contact and material independent system for in-time measurement of displacement and strain, the digital image correlation (DIC) technique has been used in this study for investigating the evolution of strains and formation of cracks during uniaxial tensile tests. As a result, the cracks were measured precisely at any load stage.The experimental results of tests performed by authors and other researchers on FRP strengthened RC members in tension are compared to prediction models from code provisions and guidelines (Eurocode 2 and fib 14), and their suitability are analyzed and discussed. The results show the dependence of the behavior and crack characteristics of FRP strengthened RC members to parameters such as wrapping scheme and FRP reinforcement ratios which are not included in design provisions for crack analysis. A new formulation for crack width and spacing for FRP strengthened RC members, calibrated using the experimental results, has been proposed which considers all the main affecting parameters.

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Models for flexural cracking in concrete: the state of the art

Cited by 144 publications

References 7 publications

The steel–concrete interface

The steel–concrete interface

Crack Patterns in Reinforced and Fiber Reinforced Concrete Structures

Cracking behavior and crack width predictions of FRP strengthened RC members under tension

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