Modelling mid-Pliocene climate with COSMOS

Stepanek, Christian; Lohmann, Gerrit

doi:10.5194/gmd-5-1221-2012

Cited by 115 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…It is a fully coupled ocean-atmosphere-sea iceland surface model (Jungclaus et al, 2006), which has now been enhanced by stable water diagnostics in all relevant model components. Previous studies with the standard (nonisotope) version of ECHAM5/MPI-OM have applied and evaluated this model, among others, for pre-industrial , glacial, and interglacial climate states (Zhang et al, 2014(Zhang et al, , 2013, the Holocene , and Cenozoic climate change (Knorr et al, 2011;Stepanek and Lohmann, 2012).…”

Section: Model Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial–interglacial changes in H218O, HDO and deuterium excess – results from the fully coupled ECHAM5/MPI-OM Earth system model

et al. 2016

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Abstract. In this study we present the first results of a new isotope-enabled general circulation model set-up. The model consists of the fully coupled ECHAM5/MPI-OM atmosphere-ocean model, enhanced by the JSBACH interactive land surface scheme and an explicit hydrological discharge scheme to close the global water budget. Stable water isotopes H 2 18 O and HDO have been incorporated into all relevant model components. Results of two equilibrium simulations under pre-industrial and Last Glacial Maximum conditions are analysed and compared to observational data and paleoclimate records for evaluating the model's performance in simulating spatial and temporal variations in the isotopic composition of the Earth's water cycle. For the pre-industrial climate, many aspects of the simulation results of meteoric waters are in good to very good agreement with both observations and earlier atmosphere-only simulations. The model is capable of adequately simulating the large spread in the isotopic composition of precipitation between low and high latitudes. A comparison to available ocean data also shows a good model-data agreement; however, a strong bias of overly depleted ocean surface waters is detected for the Arctic region. Simulation results under Last Glacial Maximum boundary conditions also fit to the wealth of available isotope records from polar ice cores, speleothems, as well as marine calcite data. Data-model evaluation of the isotopic composition in precipitation reveals a good match of the model results and indicates that the temporal glacial-interglacial isotopetemperature relation was substantially lower than the present spatial gradient for most mid-to high-latitudinal regions. As compared to older atmosphere-only simulations, a remarkable improvement is achieved for the modelling of the deuterium excess signal in Antarctic ice cores. Our simulation results indicate that cool sub-tropical and mid-latitudinal sea surface temperatures are key for this progress. A recently discussed revised interpretation of the deuterium excess record of Antarctic ice cores in terms of marine relative humidity changes on glacial-interglacial timescales is not supported by our model results.

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Section: Model Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial–interglacial changes in H218O, HDO and deuterium excess – results from the fully coupled ECHAM5/MPI-OM Earth system model

et al. 2016

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“…COSMOS (Jungclaus et al, 2010) is comprised of an atmospheric model ECHAM5, an ocean model MPIOM, and a dynamical vegetation model JSBACH. Further details underpinning the models incorporated into COSMOS can be found in Stepanek and Lohmann (2012) and Felis et al (2015). Orbital and greenhouse gas parameters identical to those used in the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (Table 2) are employed and values evaluated after a spin up of 2500 years.…”

Section: Climate Model Set-up and Experimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Last interglacial temperature seasonality reconstructed from tropical Atlantic corals

Brocas

Felis

Obert

et al. 2016

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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Editor: M. Frank Keywords:coral Sr/Ca the last interglacial Caribbean climate sea surface temperature seasonality quasi-biennial to decadal variability Reconstructions of last interglacial (LIG, MIS 5e, ∼127-117 ka) climate offer insights into the natural response and variability of the climate system during a period partially analogous to future climate change scenarios. We present well preserved fossil corals (Diploria strigosa) recovered from the southern Caribbean island of Bonaire (Caribbean Netherlands). These have been precisely dated by the 230 Th/Umethod to between 130 and 120 ka ago. Annual banding of the coral skeleton enabled construction of time windows of monthly resolved strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) temperature proxy records. In conjunction with a previously published 118 ka coral record, our eight records of up to 37 years in length, cover a total of 105 years within the LIG period. From these, sea surface temperature (SST) seasonality and variability in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean is reconstructed. We detect similar to modern SST seasonality of ∼2.9 • C during the early (130 ka) and the late LIG (120-118 ka). However, within the mid-LIG, a significantly higher than modern SST seasonality of 4.9 • C (at 126 ka) and 4.1 • C (at 124 ka) is observed. These findings are supported by climate model simulations and are consistent with the evolving amplitude of orbitally induced changes in seasonality of insolation throughout the LIG, irrespective of wider climatic instabilities that characterised this period. The climate model simulations suggest that the SST seasonality changes documented in our LIG coral Sr/Ca records are representative of larger regions within the tropical North Atlantic. These simulations also suggest that the reconstructed SST seasonality increase during the mid-LIG is caused primarily by summer warming. A 124 ka old coral documents, for the first time, evidence of decadal SST variability in the tropical North Atlantic during the LIG, akin to that observed in modern instrumental records.

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“…Further background information on COSMOS and its components can be found in Jungclaus et al (2006). So far, COSMOS has been applied to various palaeo set-ups such as the Holocene Varma et al, 2012;Lohmann et al, 2013), Last Glacial Maximum and Marine Isotope Stage 3 (Gong et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2013Zhang et al, , 2014, last interglacial , Pliocene (Stepanek and Lohmann, 2012), and Miocene (Knorr et al, 2011;Knorr and Lohmann, 2014).…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of a dynamic soil scheme on the climate of the mid-Holocene and the Last Glacial Maximum

2016

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Abstract. In order to account for coupled climate-soil processes, we have developed a soil scheme which is asynchronously coupled to a comprehensive climate model with dynamic vegetation. This scheme considers vegetation as the primary control of changes in physical soil characteristics. We test the scheme for a warmer (mid-Holocene) and colder (Last Glacial Maximum) climate relative to the preindustrial climate. We find that the computed changes in physical soil characteristics lead to significant amplification of global climate anomalies, representing a positive feedback. The inclusion of the soil feedback yields an extra surface warming of 0.24 • C for the mid-Holocene and an additional global cooling of 1.07 • C for the Last Glacial Maximum. Transition zones such as desert-savannah and taiga-tundra exhibit a pronounced response in the model version with dynamic soil properties. Energy balance model analyses reveal that our soil scheme amplifies the temperature anomalies in the mid-to-high northern latitudes via changes in the planetary albedo and the effective longwave emissivity. As a result of the modified soil treatment and the positive feedback to climate, part of the underestimated mid-Holocene temperature response to orbital forcing can be reconciled in the model.

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Modelling mid-Pliocene climate with COSMOS

Cited by 115 publications

References 51 publications

Glacial–interglacial changes in H<sub>2</sub><sup>18</sup>O, HDO and deuterium excess – results from the fully coupled ECHAM5/MPI-OM Earth system model

Glacial–interglacial changes in H<sub>2</sub><sup>18</sup>O, HDO and deuterium excess – results from the fully coupled ECHAM5/MPI-OM Earth system model

Last interglacial temperature seasonality reconstructed from tropical Atlantic corals

The effect of a dynamic soil scheme on the climate of the mid-Holocene and the Last Glacial Maximum

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Modelling mid-Pliocene climate with COSMOS

Cited by 115 publications

References 51 publications

Glacial–interglacial changes in H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;O, HDO and deuterium excess – results from the fully coupled ECHAM5/MPI-OM Earth system model

Glacial–interglacial changes in H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;O, HDO and deuterium excess – results from the fully coupled ECHAM5/MPI-OM Earth system model

Last interglacial temperature seasonality reconstructed from tropical Atlantic corals

The effect of a dynamic soil scheme on the climate of the mid-Holocene and the Last Glacial Maximum

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Glacial–interglacial changes in H<sub>2</sub><sup>18</sup>O, HDO and deuterium excess – results from the fully coupled ECHAM5/MPI-OM Earth system model

Glacial–interglacial changes in H<sub>2</sub><sup>18</sup>O, HDO and deuterium excess – results from the fully coupled ECHAM5/MPI-OM Earth system model