Modelling and manipulation of aphid-mediated spread of non-persistently transmitted viruses

Carr, John P.; Tungadi, Trisna; Donnelly, Ruairí; Bravo-Cazar, Ana; Rhee, Sun-Ju; Watt, Lewis G; Mutuku, J. Musembi; Wamonje, Francis O.; Murphy, Alex M.; Arinaitwe, Warren; Pate, Adrienne E.; Cunniffe, Nik J.; Gilligan, Christopher A.

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197845

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The concomitance of the induction of SA and reduction of JA during the plant infection by CiLV-C is likely a consequence of the SA-JA antagonism ( Arena et al., 2016 ). The repression of antiherbivory defenses upon virus infection is used as a viral strategy to increase vector fitness or attraction and encourage virus transmission ( Mauck et al., 2018 ; Donnelly et al., 2019 ; Carr et al., 2020 ). For instance, the polerovirus potato leafroll virus attenuates the induction of JA and ET by aphids, affecting vector fecundity and settling ( Patton et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Immune System Activation Upon Citrus Leprosis Virus C Infection Is Mimicked by the Ectopic Expression of the P61 Viral Protein

et al. 2020

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Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C, genus Cilevirus , family Kitaviridae ) is an atypical virus that does not spread systemically in its plant hosts. Upon its inoculation by Brevipalpus mites, only localized lesions occur, and the infection remains limited to cells around mite feeding sites. Here, we aimed to gain insights into the putative causes of viral unfitness in plants by expanding the limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying plant/kitavirid interactions. Firstly, we quantified the CiLV-C viral RNAs during the infection in Arabidopsis thaliana plants using RT-qPCR and systematized it by defining three stages of distinguishing subgenomic and genomic RNA accumulation: i) 0–24 h after infestation, ii) 2–4 days after infestation (dai), and iii) 6–10 dai. Accordingly, the global plant response to CiLV-C infection was assessed by RNA-Seq at each period. Results indicated a progressive reprogramming of the plant transcriptome in parallel to the increasing viral loads. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed the induction of cell growth-related processes at the early stages of the infection and the triggering of the SA-mediated pathway, ROS burst and hypersensitive response (HR) at the presymptomatic stage. Conversely, infected plants downregulated JA/ET-mediated pathways and processes involved in the primary metabolism including photosynthesis. Marker genes of unfolded protein response were also induced, suggesting a contribution of the endoplasmic reticulum stress to the cell death caused by the viral infection. Finally, we transiently expressed CiLV-C proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana plants to undertake their roles in the elicited plant responses. Expression of the CiLV-C P61 protein consistently triggered ROS burst, upregulated SA- and HR-related genes, increased SA levels, reduced JA levels, and caused cell death. Mimicry of responses typically observed during CiLV-C–plant interaction indicates P61 as a putative viral effector causing the HR-like symptoms associated with the infection. Our data strengthen the hypothesis that symptoms of CiLV-C infection might be the outcome of a hypersensitive-like response during an incompatible interaction. Consequently, the locally restricted infection of CiLV-C, commonly observed across infections by kitavirids, supports the thesis that these viruses, likely arising from an ancestral arthropod-infecting virus, are unable to fully circumvent plant defenses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Immune System Activation Upon Citrus Leprosis Virus C Infection Is Mimicked by the Ectopic Expression of the P61 Viral Protein

et al. 2020

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“…Sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes, such as (E)-α-bergamotene, (E)-β-caryophyllene, linalool, etc., are reported to generally have an effect on an insect's feeding orientation [94][95][96][97]. Many pathogens manipulate these chemical volatiles to alter their vectors' behaviors, especially insect-borne plant viruses, whose spread is highly reliant on insect vectors [2,98,99]. As reported, (E)-α-bergamotene is a whitefly repellent released by Nicotiana benthamiana.…”

Section: Ja-regulated Chemical Defense Hijacked By Plant Virusesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Manipulation of Jasmonate Signaling by Plant Viruses and Their Insect Vectors

Jian

2020

Viruses

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Plant viruses pose serious threats to stable crop yield. The majority of them are transmitted by insects, which cause secondary damage to the plant host from the herbivore-vector’s infestation. What is worse, a successful plant virus evolves multiple strategies to manipulate host defenses to promote the population of the insect vector and thereby furthers the disease pandemic. Jasmonate (JA) and its derivatives (JAs) are lipid-based phytohormones with similar structures to animal prostaglandins, conferring plant defenses against various biotic and abiotic challenges, especially pathogens and herbivores. For survival, plant viruses and herbivores have evolved strategies to convergently target JA signaling. Here, we review the roles of JA signaling in the tripartite interactions among plant, virus, and insect vectors, with a focus on the molecular and biochemical mechanisms that drive vector-borne plant viral diseases. This knowledge is essential for the further design and development of effective strategies to protect viral damages, thereby increasing crop yield and food security.

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“…However, only their association with resistance will assure that the cultivar will remain in the market for a long time. The reaction of genotypes to viral infection depends on their genetic resistance (Freitas et al., 2016; Gonçalves et al., 2018; Santos et al., 2019), local management of the disease (Spadotti et al., 2019), hormone synthesis (Carr et al., 2018) and the interaction with vectors through volatile organic compounds, which can either attract or repel vector insect (Carr et al., 2020; Guo et al., 2019). These factors act together for the occurrence or suppression of viral infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field assessment of a second generation backcross (BC1 × Passiflora edulis) of passion fruit for agronomic performance and resistance to CABMV

et al. 2021

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The objective of this work was to characterize and identify among the passion fruit hybrids of the second generation backcross (BC2: BC1 × P. edulis), resistance to passion fruit woodiness disease (CABMV) with desirable agronomic attributes. Ninety‐two progeny of BC2 hybrids were evaluated for severity of the virus in conditions of field, physical and chemical characterization of the fruits and precocity of the plant in relation to the vegetative and reproductive phases. The data were analysed using multivariate statistics and mixed models (REML/BLUP) to estimate genetic parameters. The σg2 was conditioned by σd2 and σa2, for number of fruits, fruit and peel weight and soluble solids and the effect of σa2 for virus severity to CABMV and effect of σd2 on the variables fruit length, fruit diameter, peel thickness and pulp weight. For the titratable acidity it had no σg2. The progeny BC2‐A, BC2‐C, BC2‐E, BC2‐F and BC2‐H families can be selected for use in passion fruit breeding programmes by adding high vegetative vigour, early fruit production, resistance to CABMV and also desirable agronomic attributes.

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Modelling and manipulation of aphid-mediated spread of non-persistently transmitted viruses

Cited by 29 publications

References 57 publications

Plant Immune System Activation Upon Citrus Leprosis Virus C Infection Is Mimicked by the Ectopic Expression of the P61 Viral Protein

Plant Immune System Activation Upon Citrus Leprosis Virus C Infection Is Mimicked by the Ectopic Expression of the P61 Viral Protein

Manipulation of Jasmonate Signaling by Plant Viruses and Their Insect Vectors

Field assessment of a second generation backcross (BC1 × Passiflora edulis) of passion fruit for agronomic performance and resistance to CABMV

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