Modeling the variable amplitude fatigue of composite materials: A review and evaluation of the state of the art for spectrum loading

Post, Nathan; Case, Scott W.; Lesko, John J.

doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.07.002

Cited by 173 publications

(129 citation statements)

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“…Various interpolation techniques have been developed for determination of N f from the CLD for any given load cycle [43,47]. However, Vassilopoulos et al [47] have shown that the simple piecewise linear formulation compares favorably to other more sophisticated and complicated schemes.…”

Section: Fatigue Life Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Post et al [43] have recently reviewed the modelling and prediction of fatigue life under spectrum loads in composites. The general fatigue life prediction procedure involves [43,44] (i) rainflow counting of fatigue cycles in the spectrum load sequence [45] (ii) determination of cycles to failure, N f , for each of the counted load cycles using a constant life diagram (CLD)…”

Section: Fatigue Life Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…constructed from the stress versus number of cycles (S-N) data, (iii) calculation of the damage fraction for each of the counted load cycles, and (iv) determination of the total fatigue damage per load block by summation of the damage fraction with or without load interaction effects [43]. The material is assumed to fail when the total damage fraction reaches 1.0.…”

Section: Fatigue Life Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9. The detailed procedure to construct CLD can be found elsewhere [43,44].Since the rainflow-counted load cycles will be of various load amplitudes and mean stresses, it is necessary to interpolate and determine N f for all these load cycles using the CLD. Various interpolation techniques have been developed for determination of N f from the CLD for any given load cycle [43,47].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This under-prediction may be due to use of the simple linear damage accumulation model. Consideration of load interaction effects [43] in the damage accumulation model may improve further the accuracy of the predictions.14 Load interaction effects in fatigue of composites have been studies by several authors. Gamstedt et al [51] showed that in a high-low load sequence, initial high load creates matrix cracks and subsequently it is easy to initiate delamination growth which leads to lesser life when compared to low-high load sequence.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Enhanced fatigue behavior of a glass fiber reinforced hybrid particles modified epoxy nanocomposite under WISPERX spectrum load sequence

Manjunatha

Bojja

Jagannathan

et al. 2013

International Journal of Fatigue

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Two types of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) composites were fabricated viz., GFRP with neat epoxy matrix (GFRP-neat) and GFRP with hybrid modified epoxy matrix (GFRP-hybrid) containing 9 wt. % of rubber microparticles and 10 wt. % of silica nanoparticles. Fatigue tests were conducted on both the composites under the WISPERX load sequence. The fatigue life of the GFRP-hybrid composite was about 4-5 times higher than that of the GFRP-neat composite. The underlying mechanisms for improved fatigue performance are discussed. A reasonably good correlation was observed between the experimental fatigue life and the fatigue life predicted under the spectrum loads.Keywords: glass fiber composite, silica nanoparticle, rubber particle, spectrum fatigue. * Corresponding author: Tel. +91-80-2508 6310; Fax: +91-80-2508 6301 E-mail address: manjucm@nal.res.in (CM Manjunatha) 2 INTRODUCTIONDue mainly to their high specific strength and stiffness, continuous fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composites are widely used in various structural applications such as airframes, wind turbines, ship hulls, etc. Such composite structural components experience variable amplitude or spectrum fatigue loads in service. Hence, the fatiguedurability of the composite materials under spectrum loads is an important requirement in these applications.Engineering polymer matrix composite materials generally consist of continuous glass or carbon fibers embedded in a thermosetting epoxy polymer. The epoxy polymer, being an amorphous and highly cross-linked material, is relatively brittle and exhibits a relatively poor resistance to crack initiation and growth, thus affecting the overall mechanical properties, including the fatigue and fracture behavior of FRP composites.One of the ways to improve the mechanical properties of FRPs is to add a second phase of fillers into the epoxy matrix.Incorporation of various types of micro-and nano-sized spherical, fibrous and layered fillers into the epoxy has been shown to improve the mechanical properties of composites [1][2][3]. Considerable improvements in the strength and stiffness [4], and dramatic improvements in the fracture toughness [3][4][5] EXPERIMENTAL Materials and ProcessingThe materials used and the processing employed to manufacture GFRP composites are briefly explained in this section. However, a detailed description of the materials and processing can be found in [24]. The epoxy resin used was LY556 from Huntsman, which is a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) resin. The silica (SiO 2 )nanoparticles were obtained as a colloidal silica sol with a concentration of 40 wt.% in LY556 from Nanoresins. The reactive liquid rubber was a carboxyl-terminated butadiene-acrylonitrile (CTBN) rubber, obtained from Nanoresins as a 40 wt.% CTBN-LY556 epoxy adduct. The curing agent was an accelerated methylhexahydrophthalic acid anhydride, HE600 from Nanoresins. The E-glass fiber cloth was a non-crimp-fabric (NCF) with an areal weight of 450 g/m 2 .The required quantity of the neat epoxy resin, th...

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Section: Fatigue Life Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fatigue Life Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fatigue Life Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Enhanced fatigue behavior of a glass fiber reinforced hybrid particles modified epoxy nanocomposite under WISPERX spectrum load sequence

Manjunatha

Bojja

Jagannathan

et al. 2013

International Journal of Fatigue

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Fatigue of Composites—Life Prediction Methods

Kawai

2012

Wiley Encyclopedia of Composites

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This article discusses engineering methods for predicting fatigue lives of unnotched and notched composites under constant amplitude loading conditions. It reviews experimental and theoretical attempts to model the fatigue strengths of composites, with a particular emphasis on the significant progress in the area. The discussions for unnotched composites include the empirical S ‐ N curve approach, the master S ‐ N curve approach, the fatigue residual strength approach and the constant fatigue life diagram approach. It follows discussions on pioneering analytical procedures for predicting the S ‐ N curves for notched composites. Comparisons between predicted and experimental results are also presented.

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Using Fatigue Failure Principles to Assess MSD Risk

2022

Musculoskeletal Disorders

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Modeling the variable amplitude fatigue of composite materials: A review and evaluation of the state of the art for spectrum loading

Cited by 173 publications

References 114 publications

Enhanced fatigue behavior of a glass fiber reinforced hybrid particles modified epoxy nanocomposite under WISPERX spectrum load sequence

Enhanced fatigue behavior of a glass fiber reinforced hybrid particles modified epoxy nanocomposite under WISPERX spectrum load sequence

Fatigue of Composites—Life Prediction Methods

Using Fatigue Failure Principles to Assess MSD Risk

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