Modeling root reinforcement using a root-failure Weibull survival function

Schwarz, Massimiliano; Giadrossich, Filippo; Cohen, Denis

doi:10.5194/hess-17-4367-2013

Cited by 128 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Th is is consistent with the results of Schwarz et al (2013), who indicated that diff erent algorithms (Excel or R) lead to quite different values of the equation parameters and small changes in the fi tting of the root diameter-force curve lead to changes in RBMw model. Th ey stated that power fi tting curves in Excel are not correct.…”

Section: Tensile Strengthsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…It is worth mentioning that diff erent methods have been developed to quantify root reinforcement: Wu et al (1979), RipRoot model (Pollen, Simon 2005) and Root Bundle Model (e.g. RBM and RBMw) (Schwarz et al 2013). Among these, Wu et al (1979) model is the simplest and requires minimal parameters (only root tensile strength and the cross-section area of fi bres) but with overestimation in reinforcement.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pollen and Simon (2005) developed a FBM theory based model, RipRoot with progressive breaking of roots and therefore improved the accuracy of estimates of root reinforcement. Th e latest model is RBMw, which considers variability of mechanical properties of each root diameter class and implemented it to reinforcement model (Schwarz et al 2013). Schwarz et al (2013) noted the applications of RBMw as: prediction of the pull-out of riparian plants due to drag forces of water fl ow, study of tree stability during wind storms or rock fall impacts and slope stability modelling at large temporal and spatial scales.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Th e latest model is RBMw, which considers variability of mechanical properties of each root diameter class and implemented it to reinforcement model (Schwarz et al 2013). Schwarz et al (2013) noted the applications of RBMw as: prediction of the pull-out of riparian plants due to drag forces of water fl ow, study of tree stability during wind storms or rock fall impacts and slope stability modelling at large temporal and spatial scales. Although the model needs more parameters (such as: root size distribution, root tensile force, secant Young's modulus, length, tortuosity and fi eld pull-out tests), it allows a more complete force-displacement characterization of root reinforcement for a bundle of roots compared to simpler models such as Wu et al (1979) (Schwarz et al 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tensile strength and cellulose content of Persian ironwood (Parrotia persica) roots as bioengineering material

et al. 2014

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Unstable slopes create numerous problems for forest management and may destroy the road network and disturb access to forest. Soil bioengineering is a solution that can prevent these problems and reinforce the hillslope. Persian ironwood is considered as a good protective species for hillslope stability in Iran with an extensive lack of information about biotechnical properties. In this research the root strength of this species and also the relation between root diameter and cellulose content were investigated. The results showed that the mean tensile force and tensile strength were 99.70 ± 2.01 N and 173.23 ± 4.94 MPa, respectively, for the root diameter range between 0.22 and 3.78 mm. The results of ANOVA showed that the power models between root diameter and tensile force and tensile strength were statistically significant and the results of t-test showed that coefficients and constants of the models are also significant. The values of the parameters of the power law (α and β) obtained for Persian ironwood do not fall in the range that has already been suggested for hardwood roots, which may be due to a narrow diameter range. The mean cellulose content was 56.87 ± 5.79% and the relationship between root diameter and cellulose content was not statistically significant. The data presented in this study expand the knowledge of biotechnical properties of Persian ironwood and support the idea that there is still an extensive lack of information about plant roots as a bioengineering material.

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Section: Tensile Strengthsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tensile strength and cellulose content of Persian ironwood (Parrotia persica) roots as bioengineering material

et al. 2014

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“…Such approaches should be able to account for the different physical contributions of plant root system architectures to slope stability and should also be based on reliable physical modeling of water flow in the soil. For example, the SOSlope model (Schwarz and Thormann 2012;Schwarz et al 2013) implements the 3D spatial heterogeneity of root reinforcement in terms of forcedisplacement under tension and compression. Results enable maps to be created at the hillslope scale for the localization of single shallow landslides, as well as defining the volume of soil mobilized for a given rainfall event.…”

Section: Modelling In Different Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological mitigation of hillslope instability: ten key issues facing researchers and practitioners

et al. 2014

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Background Plants alter their environment in a number of ways. With correct management, plant communities can positively impact soil degradation processes such as surface erosion and shallow landslides. However, there are major gaps in our understanding of physical and ecological processes on hillslopes, and the application of research to restoration and engineering projects.Scope To identify the key issues of concern to researchers and practitioners involved in designing and implementing projects to mitigate hillslope instability, we organized a discussion during the From this discussion, ten key issues were identified, considered as the kernel of future studies concerning the impact of vegetation on slope stability and erosion processes. Each issue is described and a discussion at the end of this paper addresses how we can augment the use of ecological engineering techniques for mitigating slope instability. Conclusions We show that through fundamental and applied research in related fields (e.g., soil formation and biogeochemistry, hydrology and microbial ecology), reliable data can be obtained for use by practitioners seeking adapted solutions for a given site. Through fieldwork, accessible databases, modelling and collaborative projects, awareness and acceptance of the use of plant material in slope restoration projects should increase significantly, particularly in the civil and geotechnical communities.

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Root reinforcement of soils under compression

et al. 2015

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It is well recognized that roots reinforce soils and that the distribution of roots within vegetated hillslopes strongly influences the spatial distribution of soil strength. Previous studies have focussed on the contribution of root reinforcement under conditions of tension or shear. However, no systematic investigation into the contribution of root reinforcement to soils experiencing compression, such as the passive Earth forces at the toe of a landslide, is found in the literature. An empirical-analytical model (CoRoS) for the quantification of root reinforcement in soils under compression is presented and tested against experimental data. The CoRoS model describes the force-displacement behavior of compressed, rooted soils and can be used to provide a framework for improving slope stability calculations. Laboratory results showed that the presence of 10 roots with diameters ranging from 6 to 28 mm in a rectangular soil profile 0.72 m by 0.25 m increased the compressive strength of the soil by about 40% (2.5 kN) at a displacement of 0.05 m, while the apparent stiffness of the rooted soil was 38% higher than for root-free soil. The CoRoS model yields good agreement with experimentally determined values of maximum reinforcement force and compression force as a function of displacement. These results indicate that root reinforcement under compression has a major influence on the mechanical behavior of soil and that the force-displacement behavior of roots should be included in analysis of the compressive regimes that commonly are present in the toe of landslides.

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Modeling root reinforcement using a root-failure Weibull survival function

Cited by 128 publications

References 26 publications

Tensile strength and cellulose content of Persian ironwood (Parrotia persica) roots as bioengineering material

Tensile strength and cellulose content of Persian ironwood (Parrotia persica) roots as bioengineering material

Ecological mitigation of hillslope instability: ten key issues facing researchers and practitioners

Root reinforcement of soils under compression

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