Model of Fluidized Catalytically Cracked (FCC) Gasoline Photochemical Desulfurization Reactor

and, Lei Wang; Shen, Benxian; Li, Shuzhen

doi:10.1021/ef050268h

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Studies on indirect photo-oxidation that generates oxidizing agents in situ by UV irradiation (400 nm > l > 300 nm) 154 and photocatalytic oxidation using TiO 2 (l > 290 nm) [155][156][157] have also been reported. Abdel-Wahab and Gaber 158 used anatasetype TiO 2 and studied photocatalytic oxidation of DBT in acetonitrile.…”

Section: Ultrasound Assisted Odsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of desulfurization technologies for sulfur removal from liquid fuels

2012

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Sulfur compounds represent one of the most common impurities present in the crude oil. Sulfur in liquid fuel oil leads directly to the emission of SO 2 and sulfate particulate matter (SPM) that endangers public health and community property; and reduces the life of the engine due to corrosion. Furthermore, the sulfur compounds in the exhaust gases of diesel engines can significantly impair the emission control technology designed to meet NO x and SPM emission standards. The research efforts for developing conventional hydrodesulfurization and alternative desulfurization methods such as selective adsorption, biodesulfurization, oxidation/extraction (oxidative desulfurization), etc. for removing these refractory sulfur compounds from petroleum products are on the rise. Research laboratories and refineries are spending huge amounts of money in finding a viable and feasible solution to reduce sulfur to a concentration of less than 10 mg l 21 . This paper reviews the current status in detail of various desulphurization techniques being studied worldwide. It presents an overview of novel emerging technologies for ultra-deep desulfurization so as to produce ultra-lowsulfur fuels.

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Section: Ultrasound Assisted Odsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of desulfurization technologies for sulfur removal from liquid fuels

2012

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“…Photocatalytic oxidation with TiO 2 and indirect photooxidation, which produce oxidants under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, have been reported. 20,21 However, these photochemical reactions are easily quenched because of the electron−hole recombination, and the rate of refined oil is lower than those of the other desulfurization technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sulfur compounds were oxidized into sulfones or sulfoxides using ODS technology, including chemical oxidation, microbial oxidation, and photocatalytic oxidation, and removed by conventional separation, such as distillation, extraction, or adsorption. − Photocatalytic desulfurization has received attention because of using hydrogen peroxide or oxygen as oxidants. Photocatalytic oxidation with TiO 2 and indirect photooxidation, which produce oxidants under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, have been reported. , However, these photochemical reactions are easily quenched because of the electron–hole recombination, and the rate of refined oil is lower than those of the other desulfurization technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-deep Desulfurization of Gasoline with CuW/TiO₂–GO through Photocatalytic Oxidation

Li¹,

Mominou²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

Energy Fuels

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Graphene oxide (GO) was co-modified with copper, tungsten, and titanium oxide. A photocatalytic reactor was used to investigate the performance of the resulting catalysts in the ultra-deep desulfurization of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) gasoline. The resultant samples were characterized using the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and nitrogen adsorption−desorption techniques. XRD analysis indicated the coexistence of TiO 2 , CuO, and WO 3 in the catalysts. The desulfurization rate, the refined oil yield, and the increase in the research octane number of FCC gasoline reached 100%, 99.4%, and 1.6 units, respectively, under suitable conditions of a metal content of 10.3%, a metal ratio of 0.7, a reaction temperature of 313 K, a reaction time of 1 h, a catalyst/gasoline ratio of 0.25, and an oxidant percent of 0.5%. The catalyst was active in the desulfurization reaction under ultraviolet irradiation and reused 3 times with no loss in activity.

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“…It is well known that circulating fluidized bed (CFB) is an important technology with significant industrial applications for gas-phase catalytic reacting system (Wang et al, [27]; Kunni and Levenspiel,[15]). Despite the wide use of this technology, the opportunity to improve and to reduce the risk of scaling up CFB system using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is significant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An advanced gas—solid flow engineering model for a fluidized bed reactor system

Mao¹,

Tirtowidjojo²

2007

WIT Transactions on Engineering Sciences, Vol 56

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A literature survey shows that there are two approaches to mathematically describe gas-solid two-phase flow and reaction in the fluidized bed reactors. One approach is a very simplistic engineering reactor model, and the other approach is based on a rigorous Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model. Despite significant progress on numerical methods, CPU capacity and performance, and theories describing gas-solid flow, CFD based reacting flow modeling is far from being a routine tool for designing new reactors. Thus, simpler reactor models are still the main method for providing guidance for fluidized bed reactor design and optimization. However, traditional reactor models have considered too many simplifying assumptions that create inconsistencies in the governing equations of the boundary conditions such that it can result in erroneous prediction. In the current paper, an advanced gas-solid two-phase engineering reactor model has been developed for flow, heat transfer and reaction in the riser reactor of a circulating fluidized bed system. In contrast to CFD, this model can use as input parameters the hydrodynamic information obtained from published literature or experimental measurement such as axial and radial profiles for solid volume fraction, gas velocity and gas dispersion coefficient. While the hydrodynamics can be as accurate as measured, this advanced engineering reactor model is also coupled with either simple power law or the most rigorous kinetic models that involve elementary reactions. In this way, we can extract heterogeneous reaction kinetics from pilot plant or production reactor data directly. Model validation with pilot plant data and tracer data for a riser reactor will be presented and the short falls of traditional treatment of engineering fluidized bed reactor models will also be discussed.

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Model of Fluidized Catalytically Cracked (FCC) Gasoline Photochemical Desulfurization Reactor

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

An evaluation of desulfurization technologies for sulfur removal from liquid fuels

An evaluation of desulfurization technologies for sulfur removal from liquid fuels

Ultra-deep Desulfurization of Gasoline with CuW/TiO₂–GO through Photocatalytic Oxidation

An advanced gas—solid flow engineering model for a fluidized bed reactor system

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Model of Fluidized Catalytically Cracked (FCC) Gasoline Photochemical Desulfurization Reactor

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

An evaluation of desulfurization technologies for sulfur removal from liquid fuels

An evaluation of desulfurization technologies for sulfur removal from liquid fuels

Ultra-deep Desulfurization of Gasoline with CuW/TiO2–GO through Photocatalytic Oxidation

An advanced gas—solid flow engineering model for a fluidized bed reactor system

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Product

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Ultra-deep Desulfurization of Gasoline with CuW/TiO₂–GO through Photocatalytic Oxidation