Model of carbon nanotube growth through chemical vapor deposition

Sinnott, Susan B.; Andrews, Rodney; Qian, Dali; Rao, Apparao M.; Mao, Zugang; Dickey, Elizabeth C.; Derbyshire, F.J.

doi:10.1016/s0009-2614(99)01216-6

Cited by 531 publications

(302 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Transmission electron microscope ͑TEM͒ images of catalyst particles at the ends of the nanotubes have been used to show that diameter of nanotubes is determined by initial catalyst particle size. 2,13,14 A similar conclusion has been presented based on the diameter of grown nanotubes ͑d͒ and the nearly monodisperse initial Fe catalyst size ͑R͒. 15 Meanwhile, no relationship has been established between particle size and nanotube diameter grown on isolated Fe nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Evolution of catalyst particle size during carbon single walled nanotube growth and its effect on the tube characteristics

Harutyunyan

Tokune

Mora

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Physics

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A series of Fe catalysts, with different mean diameters, supported on alumina with different molar ratios, was studied before and after carbon single walled nanotubes growth using magnetic measurements and Raman scattering techniques (laser excitation wavelengths from 1.17to2.54eV) to follow changes on catalyst particle size and composition, as well as the relationship between particle size and diameter of nanotubes grown. In all cases, an increase and redistribution of the particle size after the growth was concluded based on the blocking temperature values and Langevin function analysis. This is explained in terms of agglomeration of particles due to carbon-induced liquefaction accompanied with an increase in the catalyst mobility. For large particles no direct correlation between the catalyst size and the nanotube diameters was observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Evolution of catalyst particle size during carbon single walled nanotube growth and its effect on the tube characteristics

Harutyunyan

Tokune

Mora

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…9,10 There has been significant effort focused on understanding the growth mechanisms of CNTs, including the study of how the size and structure of the catalyst particles ͑typically Ni, Fe, or Co͒ affect the growth. [9][10][11][12][13] Many different techniques are used for the preparation of suitable substrates. 12,14,15 To date the formation of suitable catalyst substrates for CNT growth is accomplished by thermal annealing of thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering 12 or thermal evaporation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Excimer laser nanostructuring of nickel thin films for the catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes

Henley

Poa

Adikaari

et al. 2004

Applied Physics Letters

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Pulse laser ablation and subsequent laser nanostructuring at room temperature has been employed to produce nanostructured Ni on SiO 2 /Si substrates for catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes. The resultant nanostructured surface is seen to consist of nanometer sized hemispherical droplets whose mean diameter is controlled by the initial metal thickness, which in turn is readily controlled by the number of laser pulses. Vertically aligned multiwall carbon nanotube mats were then grown using conventional plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. We show that within a single processing technique it is possible to produce the initial metal-on-oxide thin film to a chosen thickness but also to be able to alter the morphology of the film to desired specifications at low macroscopic temperatures using the laser parameters. The influence of the underlying oxide is also explored to explain the mechanism of nanostructuring of the Ni catalyst.

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“…The main disadvantage of this compound lies in its high toxicity; on the other hand, methane is a good alternative because it has low toxicity, it is less expensive, and it produces either multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) [13] or SWCNTs [14]. Mesoporous cobalt-based catalysts are of great interest due to their high selectivity towards SWCNTs, which is related to the ability of the MCM-41 porous structure to control the cobalt particle size inside pores with small diameters (<5 nm), responsible for the diameter of a carbon nanotube (CNT) [15] and the selectivity towards SWCNTs, which only grows over metal particles with a small size [16]. Most studies use carbon monoxide as a carbon source, but methane, being more accessible, could substitute CO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis through Methane Chemical Vapor Deposition over MCM-41–Co Catalysts: Variables Optimization

Rodriguez

López

Giraldo

2018

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MCM-41-Co catalysts were tested in the synthesis of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) through methane chemical vapor deposition (CVD), varying total cobalt content, synthesis temperature, methane flow rate, and deposition time. All variables showed a relationship with total carbon deposition, graphitic quality according to Raman results. Cobalt content showed a maximum activity at 4%, but the structural quality is best at 3%. Flow rate does not affect the quality up to 300 cm 3 min −1 , but deposition time leads to the formation of highly disordered carbon species passing methane for periods longer than 30 min, concluding that optimal variables are a methane deposition temperature of 800 • C, a 300 cm 3 min −1 methane flow rate, and a 30 min of methane injection time, leading to a 5.4% carbon mass content and 5.1 G/D area ratios.

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Model of carbon nanotube growth through chemical vapor deposition

Cited by 531 publications

References 26 publications

Evolution of catalyst particle size during carbon single walled nanotube growth and its effect on the tube characteristics

Evolution of catalyst particle size during carbon single walled nanotube growth and its effect on the tube characteristics

Excimer laser nanostructuring of nickel thin films for the catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes

Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis through Methane Chemical Vapor Deposition over MCM-41–Co Catalysts: Variables Optimization

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