Model-driven interoperability: engineering heterogeneous IoT systems

Abstract

Interoperability remains a significant burden to the developers of Internet of Things systems. This is because resources and APIs are dynamically composed; they are highly heterogeneous in terms of their underlying communication technologies, protocols and data formats, and interoperability tools remain limited to enforcing standardsbased approaches. In this paper, we propose model-based engineering methods to reduce the development effort towards ensuring that complex software systems interoperate with one another. Lightweight interoperability models can be specified in order to monitor and test the execution of running software so that interoperability problems can be quickly identified, and solutions put in place. A graphical model editor and testing tool are also presented to highlight how a visual model improves upon textual specifications. We show using case-studies from the FIWARE Future Internet Service domain that the software framework can support non-expert developers to address interoperability challenges.

A new emergency decision support system: the automatic interpretation and contextualisation of events to model a crisis situation in real-time

“…The AIC information system follows the model-driven interoperability method [37] with a unified approach of interoperability [38]. This is done to enable information sharing with other information systems.…”

Interoperability and Integration Testing Methods for IoT Systems: a Systematic Mapping Study

“…Regarding established testing techniques, path-based testing using finite state machines (or analogous structures) as a system under test (SUT) model is discussed in five studies [55,7,5,25,20]. In addition, an SUT model based on a timed state machine has also been employed [35].…”

“…The MBT approach, in general, is explicitly discussed in several studies [2,1,29,9,5,36,25,20], which mostly describe a general concept; particular testing technique, namely path-based testing, is discussed in the studies by Aicherning et al [5], Estivill-Castro et al [20], and Grace et al [25].…”

IoT applications and challenges in smart cities and services

“…IoT sensing equipment consists of wired and wireless sensors, actuators and cameras that monitor and measure any kind of information from customers, producers, utilities, transport system entities, healthcare units, smart homes, smart buildings and smart grid system elements etc. After collecting or sensing data, smart devices send this information to respective controllers using the internet protocol. Heterogeneous nature [16]: IoT based networks demonstrate heterogeneous nature due to different systems like smart grid, transportation system, healthcare, education services, military services and agriculture industry, are connected to each other via various kind of communication protocols. Generally, smart devices are connected to an IoT system with different operational strategies, automation process, sensing, data monitoring and bandwidth characteristics.…”