Mode Shift Control for a Hybrid Heavy-Duty Vehicle with Power-Split Transmission

Abstract

Given that power-split transmission (PST) is considered to be a major powertrain technology for hybrid heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs), the development and application of PST in the HDVs make mode shift control an essential aspect of powertrain system design. This paper presents a shift schedule design and torque control strategy for a hybrid HDV with PST during mode shift, intended to reduce the output torque variation and improve the shift quality (SQ). Firstly, detailed dynamic models of the hybrid HDV are developed to analyze the mode shift characteristics. Then, a gear shift schedule calculation method including a dynamic shift schedule and an economic shift schedule is provided. Based on the dynamic models and the designed shift schedule, a mode shift performance simulator is built using MATLAB/Simulink, and simulations are carried out. Through analysis of the dynamic equations, it is seen that the inertia torques of the motor-generator lead to the occurrence of transition torque. To avoid the unwanted transition torque, we use a mode shift control strategy that coordinates the motor-generator torque to compensate for the transition torque. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the output torque variation during mode shift is effectively reduced by the proposed control strategy, thereby improving the SQ.

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“…Huang et al performed a mode switching simulation test on the motor compensation control strategy. However, the engine model using the engine steady‐state MAP calibration method and the first‐order transfer function shown in Equation for the sake of simplicity. …”

Advantages of Using Supercapacitors and Silicon Carbide on Hybrid Vehicle Series Architecture

“…The vehicle features used for the simulations are shown in Table 1. 4 [rpm] 2500 1 The vehicle mass includes the electric machines (about 80 kg), the storage system (85 kg) and the electric drives (about 15 kg). 2 The vehicle performance is related to the electric motor and it is independent of the ICE sizing; as a consequence, ICE downsizing about 50%.…”

“…3 Power in the maximum efficiency working condition. 4 Speed in the maximum efficiency working condition.…”

“…In [1] the component efficiency of a 2007 Toyota Camry is analyzed, whereas in [2,3] the same study is carried out, respectively, for a 2008 Toyota Lexus and a 2010 Toyota Prius. In [4,5] different studies are performed in order to synthesize optimal control logics for power split transmissions.…”

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“…To solve the friction-induced discontinuity during clutch engagement, previous studies have investigated optimal torque-coordinated control 15 and robust control based on the m-synthesis 16 to reduce vehicle jerk intensity, model predictive control method to regulate the clutch torque, 17,18 adaptive control, 19 disturbance observer 20 and fuzzy gain-scheduling control to adapt the nonlinearities of the clutch torque. 21 In addition, the dynamic coordinated control strategies that exert the motor torque compensation [22][23][24][25] can also achieve a smooth mode shift. Existing solutions found in the above-described research publications are based on heuristic techniques; however, these control system designs do not explicitly exploit the modeling aspect involving the clutch model.…”