Mobility of phosphorus from organic and inorganic source materials in a sandy soil

Abstract

Purpose The long-term use of manure as a source of nutrients can promote phosphorus (P) leaching, especially in sandy soils. The aim was to evaluate P mobility from organic and mineral sources in columns, linked with the Dystric Xeropsamments adsorption characteristics with long-term organic fertilization regime. Methods The mineral, chemical, and physical properties of the samples were characterized, including Langmuir adsorption and desorption kinetics. The P mobility was determined in one leaching experiment, in 20 cm soil columns. The topsoil (0-10 cm) layer was treated with organic (cattle, swine, goat, and hen manure) and inorganic fertilizers. Leaching was corresponding to 10 pore volumes (PV), 1 PV day −1. Aliquots of the leachate were collected to analyze P concentrations. After the leaching, the columns were sliced into 5-cm sections for the analysis of water-extractable P (WEP). Results The mineral source obtained higher leaching of P and between the organic sources the bovine and swine manure. The latter were the ones that had higher value of P w in the soil after the leaching. Due to the increase of the adsorption capacity of P with depth, there was a reduction in the mobility of P, and an unbalance of P w in the soil was found. Conclusions The mobility of P depends on the concentration of the soluble P soil or added material; moreover, the presence of Fe and Al oxides, even in small amounts, reduces the mobility of P in sandy soil.

Effects of Treated Wastewater on Soil Recovery in Degraded Semiarid Region

“…In cases where the source of P is a liquid fertilizer it is found in higher quantities than when applied in solid form. The increase in the concentration of this nutrient in subsurface layers has been reported in sandy soils up to 50 cm deep in leach columns [19].…”

Phosphate leachate losses in sandy soil amended with different fertilizers and effects on cowpea yield

“…The organic fertilizers in their stabilized (composted) or cured forms however, supported least vertical phosphate losses in the range of 0.00 (in phospho-compost) to 66.9 kg/ha (in cured poultry manure) compared to chemical fertilizer based and raw organic fertilizer treatments (G. sepium leaves). The high solubility of chemical fertilizers in soil as a result of their high water soluble P contents (Azevedo et al, 2018) explains the higher (436.5 and 229.7 mg l -1 equivalent to 873.0 and 459.5 kg P ha -1 in sole chemical and integrated fertilizer treatments, respectively) phosphate leachate losses in the low nutrient holding capacity sandy soil studied. Similar higher phosphate leachate losses have been documented for chemical fertilizer treated sandy soils (Szogi et al, 2021;Azevedo et al, 2018;Kang et al, 2011).…”

“…The high solubility of chemical fertilizers in soil as a result of their high water soluble P contents (Azevedo et al, 2018) explains the higher (436.5 and 229.7 mg l -1 equivalent to 873.0 and 459.5 kg P ha -1 in sole chemical and integrated fertilizer treatments, respectively) phosphate leachate losses in the low nutrient holding capacity sandy soil studied. Similar higher phosphate leachate losses have been documented for chemical fertilizer treated sandy soils (Szogi et al, 2021;Azevedo et al, 2018;Kang et al, 2011).…”

“…Fresh farm yard manure application into soil was also found to cause annual loss of 123% kg ha -1 carbon (Fliẞbach et al, 2007;Mӓder et al, 2006), a situation that predisposes soil to increased nutrient leaching (Xia et al, 2021). Manure application to soil in their fresh form in doses to satisfy plant nitrogen requirements in sandy soils encourages faster mineralization and surface accumulation of P (Xia et al, 2021;Azevedo et al, 2018) along production of negatively charged organic acids that compete with phosphate ions for adsorption on the exchangeable sites of the soil (Yang et al, 2019;Jiao et al, 2007;Guppy et al, 2005). The soil inorganic colloids (dominantly composed of exchangeable Fe and Al) in the presence of large concentrations of these organic acids, adsorb the organic acids preferentially over the phosphate ions subjecting the phosphate ions to moving into deeper soil layer (Bhattacharyya et al, 2015;Ojekanmi et al,2011) as a result of increased net negative charge on the soil colloids.…”

Leaching losses of main nutrients by incorporating organic fertilisers into light texture soils Haplic Luvisol

“…According to various researchers, the concentration of phosphorus in the drainage water in unfertilised and phosphorus-fertilized arable soils and pastures is insignificant and it is less than 0.7 mg/L (Table 4). Such insignificant amounts of phosphorus in drainage water result due to the fact that phosphorus form poorly soluble compounds with other elements [42].…”