Mitogenic responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of vervet monkeys <i>(Cercopithecus aethiops):</i> Apparent role of adherent cells

Olobo, Joseph; Reid, Gregory J.

doi:10.1002/ajp.1350200105

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were prepared from venous whole blood by density centrifugation as described previously[32]. The cells were adjusted to 3×10 6 /mL in complete RPMI 1640 medium (GIBCO, Langley, OK, USA), which consisted of 10% fetal bovine serum (Flow Laboratories, Rockville, ML, USA), 2 mmol/L L -glutamine (Sigma Laboratories, Santa Fe, NM, USA), 100 µg/mL gentamicin (GIBCO, Langley, OK, USA), and 0.05 mmol/L 2-mercaptoethanol (Sigma Laboratories, Santa Fe, NM, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmania donovani whole cell antigen delivered with adjuvants protects against visceral leishmaniasis in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops)

Mutiso

Macharia

Taracha

et al. 2012

Journal of Biomedical Research

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In a previous immunogenicity and efficacy study in mice, montanide ISA 720 (MISA) was indicated to be a better adjuvant than bacillus calmette guerin vaccine (BCG) for a Leishmania vaccine. In the present study, we report the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of Leishmania donovani (L. donovani) sonicated antigen delivered with alum-BCG (AlBCG), MISA or monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) in vervet monkeys following intradermal inoculums. Vaccinated and control animals were challenged with virulent L. donovani parasites and the parasitic burden was determined. Only animals vaccinated with alum-BCG adversely reacted to the inoculum by producing ulcerative erythematous skin indurations. Non-parametric ANOVA followed by a post test showed significantly higher IgG antibodies, and revealed the presence of lymphoproliferative and interferon gamma responses in both AlBCG+Ag and MISA+Ag as compared to the MPLA+Ag or other groups (P < 0.001). We conclude that L. donovani sonicated antigen containing MISA is safe and is associated with protective immune response against Leishmania donovani infection in the vervet monkey model.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmania donovani whole cell antigen delivered with adjuvants protects against visceral leishmaniasis in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops)

Mutiso

Macharia

Taracha

et al. 2012

Journal of Biomedical Research

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“…Animal acquisition, care, and maintenance have been described elsewhere [12]. Institutional Animal Care and Use and Institutional Scientific Resources and Evaluation Committee guidelines were strictly followed.…”

Section: Leishmania Vaccine Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Outbred Vervet Monkeys, Using a Recombinant Histone H1 Antigen

Masina

Gicheru

Demotz³

et al. 2003

J INFECT DIS

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Infection with Leishmania major parasites results in the development of cutaneous ulcerative lesions on the skin. We investigated the protective potential of a single, recombinant histone H1 antigen against cutaneous leishmaniasis in an outbred population of vervet monkeys, using Montanide adjuvant. Protection was assessed by challenging the animals with a mixture of vector sand fly salivary-gland lysate and a low dose of in vitro-derived parasites, thus more closely mimicking natural infection induced by L. major. The course of infection in immunized monkeys was compared with that of animals that had healed from a primary infection and were immune. The monkeys immunized with recombinant histone H1 showed a reduced development of lesion size, compared with controls. Our study therefore illustrates the potential use of histone H1 as a vaccine candidate against cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans.

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“…The preparation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) for recall proliferative responses was as previously described (26). Briefly, the cells were adjusted to 3 ϫ 10 6 /ml in complete RPMI 1640 medium (GIBCO), which consisted of 10% fetal bovine serum (Flow Laboratories), 2 mM L-glutamine (Sigma Laboratories), 100 g of gentamicin (GIBCO) per ml, and 0.05 mM 2-mercaptoethanol (Sigma Laboratories).…”

Section: Recombinantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vervet monkeys and vaccination protocol. Animal acquisition, care, and maintenance have been described (26). Institutional Animal Care and Use and Institutional Scientific Resources and Evaluation Committee guidelines were strictly followed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vervet Monkeys Vaccinated with KilledLeishmania majorParasites and Interleukin-12 Develop a Type 1 Immune Response but Are Not Protected against Challenge Infection

et al. 2001

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Leishmania major is a protozoan parasite that causes chronic cutaneous lesions that often leave disfiguring scars. Infections in mice have demonstrated that leishmanial vaccines that include interleukin-12 (IL-12) as an adjuvant are able to induce protective immunity. In this study, we assessed the safety, immunopotency, and adjuvant potential of two doses of IL-12 when used with a killed L. major vaccine in vervet monkeys. The induction of cell-mediated immunity following vaccination was determined by measuring delayed-type hypersensitivity, in vitro lymphocyte proliferation, and gamma interferon (IFN-␥) production. Protection was assessed by challenging the animals with L. major parasites and monitoring the course of infection. At low doses of IL-12 (10 g), a small increase in the parameters of cell-mediated immunity was observed, relative to those in animals that received antigen without IL-12. However, none of these animals were protected against a challenge infection. At higher doses of IL-12 (30 g), a substantial increase in Leishmania-specific immune responses was observed, and monkeys immunized with antigen and IL-12 exhibited an IFN-␥ response that was as great as that in animals that had resolved a primary infection and were immune. Nevertheless, despite the presence of correlates of protection, the disease course was only slightly altered, and protection was low compared to that in self-cured monkeys. These data suggest that protection against leishmaniasis may require more than the activation of Leishmania-specific IFN-␥-producing T cells, which has important implications for designing a vaccine against leishmaniasis.Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a disease caused by obligate intracellular protozoa of the genus Leishmania and is characterized by cutaneous lesions that can be self-resolving with life-long immunity or chronic when accompanied by defective cellular immune responses (27). The disease is prevalent in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world, where it is transmitted via the bite of the sand fly. Treatment for leishmaniasis often involves the use of high doses of pentavalent antimony compounds or various formulations of amphotericin B. However, the increasing prevalence of drug-resistant organisms and the tendency for patients to relapse after an initially successive regimen of chemotherapy underscore the need for an effective prophylactic vaccine (27).Efforts towards vaccine development have involved both animal model studies and human research. The vervet monkey is an excellent animal model for studying Leishmania major infection (4,11,17,(23)(24)(25)27). Similar to many human patients with leishmaniasis, the vervet monkey has been shown to undergo spontaneous cure following both natural and experimental infection with L. major. Associated with healing was resistance to subsequent challenge with an appropriate dose of homologous parasites. Studies with the vervet monkey model for cutaneous leishmaniasis have demonstrated that resistance to leishmaniasis in this model is correlated w...

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Mitogenic responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops): Apparent role of adherent cells

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Leishmania donovani whole cell antigen delivered with adjuvants protects against visceral leishmaniasis in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops)

Leishmania donovani whole cell antigen delivered with adjuvants protects against visceral leishmaniasis in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops)

Protection against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Outbred Vervet Monkeys, Using a Recombinant Histone H1 Antigen

Vervet Monkeys Vaccinated with KilledLeishmania majorParasites and Interleukin-12 Develop a Type 1 Immune Response but Are Not Protected against Challenge Infection

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