Mitochondria and ageing in <i>Drosophila</i>

Morrow, Geneviève; Tanguay, Robert M.

doi:10.1002/biot.200800015

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…This imbalance can result in extremely large mitochondria because of an increase in fusion rates (Terman et al 2006;Morrow and Tanguay 2008), or conversely a low fusion-to-fission ratio can result in numerous rod-shaped, fragmented mitochondria (Detmer and Chan 2007). Here, examples of both of these types of mitochondrial disruptions are evident in the mushroom body neuropil of 50-wk-old adults.…”

Section: Aging and The Mushroom Bodymentioning

confidence: 88%

“…That 50-wk-old adults have a significantly greater spine count but noticeably different synapse morphology and apparent frequency, provides strong evidence that not all spines are equipped with functional synapses in this age group. Disruptions to the structure and function of neuronal mitochondria in association with the aging process have been widely reported (for review, see Lin and Beal 2006;Terman et al 2006;Detmer and Chan 2007;Morrow and Tanguay 2008). Specifically, an increase in the size of mitochondria during aging has been suggested to be a consequence of an imbalance between the fusion and fission events that normally Figure 11.…”

Section: Aging and The Mushroom Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of age on a visual learning task in the American cockroach

Brown

Strausfeld²

2009

Learn. Mem.

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Neuronal modifications that accompany normal aging occur in brain neuropils and might share commonalties across phyla including the most successful group, the Insecta. This study addresses the kinds of neuronal modifications associated with loss of memory that occur in the hemimetabolous insect Periplaneta americana. Among insects that display considerable longevity, the American cockroach lives up to 64 wk and reveals specific cellular alterations in its mushroom bodies, higher centers that have been shown to be associated with learning and memory. The present results describe a vision-based learning paradigm, based on a modified Barnes maze, that compares memory in young (10-wk old), middle-aged (30-wk old), and aged adults (50-wk old). We show that not only is the performance of this task during the 14 training trials significantly decremented in aged cockroaches, but that aged cockroaches show significant impairment in successfully completing a crucial test involving cue rotation. Light and electron microscopical examination of the brains of these different age groups reveal major changes in neuron morphology and synaptology in the mushroom body lobes, centers shown to underlie place memory in this taxon.

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Section: Aging and The Mushroom Bodymentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Aging and The Mushroom Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of age on a visual learning task in the American cockroach

Brown

Strausfeld²

2009

Learn. Mem.

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“…There is a large body of evidence linking an increase in ROS and oxidative stress with the aging process [66, 67]. Mitochondria are a major source of ROS in the cell and mitochondrial function has been found to decline in aging organisms [68].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SIN3 is critical for stress resistance and modulates adult lifespan

Barnes

Bhat

Unnikrishnan

et al. 2014

Aging

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Coordinate control of gene activity is critical for fitness and longevity of an organism. The SIN3 histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex functions as a transcriptional repressor of many genes. SIN3-regulated genes include those that encode proteins affecting multiple aspects of mitochondrial function, such as energy production and stress responsiveness, important for health maintenance. Here we used Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism to examine the role of SIN3 in the regulation of fitness and longevity. Adult flies with RNA interference (RNAi) induced knockdown expression of Sin3A have reduced climbing ability; an activity that likely requires fully functional mitochondria. Additionally, compared to wild type, adult Sin3A knockdown flies were more sensitive to oxidative stress. Interestingly, media supplementation with the antioxidant glutathione largely restored fly tolerance to oxidative stress. Although Sin3A knockdown flies exhibited decreased longevity compared to wild type, no significant changes in expression of many well-categorized aging genes were observed. We found, however, that Sin3A knockdown corresponded to a significant reduction in expression of genes encoding proteins involved in the de novo synthesis of glutathione. Taken together, the data support a model whereby SIN3 regulates a gene expression program required for proper mitochondrial function and effective stress response during adulthood.

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“…Studies on Drosophila that have manipulated nuclear and mitochondrial genetic variation have found that mitonuclear epistasis is an important force in shaping longevity variation (James and Ballard 2003;Rand et al 2006;Maklakov et al 2006;Ballard et al 2007;Clancy 2008;Dowling et al 2009). Observations that naturally occurring levels of mitochondrial genetic variation could produce substantial variation in longevity shed new light on the mitochondrial theory of ageing (reviewed in Morrow and Tanguay 2008;Bratic and Trifunovic 2010;Kirkwood and Kowald 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intergenomic Interactions in Hybrids Between Short-Lived and Long-Lived Lines of a Seed Beetle: Analyses of Life History Traits

et al. 2015

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Products and regulatory motifs of the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes interact closely to enable efficient cellular energy production within mitochondria. Although recent evidences support the prediction that during evolutionary time combinations of these interactions are optimized by selection acting on important life history traits, relatively few studies have directly tested it. The goal of this study was to test the role of mitonuclear interactions in shaping preadult and adult life history traits under age-specific selection in the seed beetle (Acanthoscelides obtectus). In order to disentangle the effects of mitochondria, nuclei and their interaction in the evolutionary response to the long-term laboratory selection for early (E) and late (L) reproduction, we used mitonuclear introgression lines in which E and L mitochondrial genomes were expressed in both E and L nuclear background. We found that mitonuclear genotypes carrying disrupted pair of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes mainly affected preadult life history traits-egg-to-adult viability and developmental time. Neither mitochondria nor their interaction with nuclear genomes had effects on realized fecundity of mated females and longevity of virgin beetles. However, when involved in reproductive activities females and males with disrupted genotypes mostly exhibited reduced longevity. Furthermore, since reproduced males exhibited greater longevity cost than females, our results are in accordance with the mother's curse hypothesis. Being that for the most life history traits we detected smaller additive mitochondrial genetic effects compared with epistatic mitonuclear effects, we concluded that mitonuclear interactions might be the target of age-specific selection.

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Mitochondria and ageing in Drosophila

Cited by 22 publications

References 137 publications

The effect of age on a visual learning task in the American cockroach

The effect of age on a visual learning task in the American cockroach

SIN3 is critical for stress resistance and modulates adult lifespan

Intergenomic Interactions in Hybrids Between Short-Lived and Long-Lived Lines of a Seed Beetle: Analyses of Life History Traits

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