MIPs for commercial application in low-cost sensors and assays – An overview of the current status quo

Lowdon, Joseph W.; Diliën, Hanne; Singla, Pankaj; Peeters, Marloes; Cleij, Thomas J.; Grinsven, Bart van; Eersels, Kasper

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2020.128973

Cited by 168 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 250 publications

(258 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, due to advanced stability and recognition of analytes at a molecular level, MIPs are powerful tools for the development of next-generation chemical sensors [ 149 ]. Therefore, due to relatively low cost, easy preparation and good stability MIP-based sensors have great potential for practical applications and commercialization [ 150 ]. The basis for MIP formation and action was proposed on the basis of phenomenological thermodynamic model for the chemo-responsive shape memory effect in polymers based on Flory-Huggins solution theory [ 151 ].…”

Section: Physicochemical Properties Of Conducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based Affinity Sensors (Review)

2021

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Recent challenges in biomedical diagnostics show that the development of rapid affinity sensors is very important issue. Therefore, in this review we are aiming to outline the most important directions of affinity sensors where polymer-based semiconducting materials are applied. Progress in formation and development of such materials is overviewed and discussed. Some applicability aspects of conducting polymers in the design of affinity sensors are presented. The main attention is focused on bioanalytical application of conducting polymers such as polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) ortho-phenylenediamine. In addition, some other polymers and inorganic materials that are suitable for molecular imprinting technology are also overviewed. Polymerization techniques, which are the most suitable for the development of composite structures suitable for affinity sensors are presented. Analytical signal transduction methods applied in affinity sensors based on polymer-based semiconducting materials are discussed. In this review the most attention is focused on the development and application of molecularly imprinted polymer-based structures, which can replace antibodies, receptors, and many others expensive affinity reagents. The applicability of electrochromic polymers in affinity sensor design is envisaged. Sufficient biocompatibility of some conducting polymers enables to apply them as “stealth coatings” in the future implantable affinity-sensors. Some new perspectives and trends in analytical application of polymer-based semiconducting materials are highlighted.

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Section: Physicochemical Properties Of Conducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based Affinity Sensors (Review)

2021

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“…In brief, a polymer is first synthesized around the target molecule, which acts as a template being then removed to obtain cavities with “molecular memory”, capable of selectively recognizing it [ 50 , 51 , 52 ]. The resultant molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP), compared to the biological recognition systems, is more stable, easily synthesized at low cost and can be used under harsh and changeable conditions [ 44 , 53 , 54 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecularly Imprinted Polyscopoletin for the Electrochemical Detection of the Chronic Disease Marker Lysozyme

2020

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Herein we report the electropolymerization of a scopoletin based molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for the detection of lysozyme (Lyz), an enzymatic marker of several diseases in mammalian species. Two different approaches have been used for the imprinting of lysozyme based, respectively, on the use of a monomer-template mixture and on the covalent immobilization of the enzyme prior to polymer synthesis. In the latter case, a multi-step protocol has been exploited with preliminary functionalization of gold electrode with amino groups, via 4-aminothiophenol, followed by reaction with glutaraldehyde, to provide a suitable linker for lysozyme. Each step of surface electrode modification has been followed by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, which has been also employed to test the electrochemical responses of the developed MIP. The sensors show good selectivity to Lyz and detect the enzyme at concentrations up to 292 mg/L (20 μM), but with different performances, depending on the used imprinting approach. An imprinting factor equal to 7.1 and 2.5 and a limit of detection of 0.9 mg/L (62 nM) and 2.1 mg/L (141 nM) have been estimated for MIPs prepared with and without enzyme immobilization, respectively. Competitive rebinding experiment results show that this sensing material is selective for Lyz determination. Tests were performed using synthetic saliva to evaluate the potential application of the sensors in real matrices for clinical purposes.

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“…12) [71,99]. Precisely, the latter is a good example of the efforts made to produce protocols that allow this technology to reach the market, which as discussed in more detail by Lowdon et al, is being hindered by a combination of factors such as the challenge that represents the scale-up production process or the fact that lab-based analysis using techniques such as liquid or gas chromatography remain as the gold standard [100].…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecularly imprinted polymers - towards electrochemical sensors and electronic tongues

2021

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Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are artificially synthesized materials to mimic the molecular recognition process of biological macromolecules such as substrate-enzyme or antigen-antibody. The combination of these biomimetic materials with electrochemical techniques has allowed the development of advanced sensing devices, which significantly improve the performance of bare or catalyst-modified sensors, being able to unleash new applications. However, despite the high selectivity that MIPs exhibit, those can still show some cross-response towards other compounds, especially with chemically analogous (bio)molecules. Thus, the combination of MIPs with chemometric methods opens the room for the development of what could be considered a new type of electronic tongues, i.e. sensor array systems, based on its usage. In this direction, this review provides an overview of the more common synthetic approaches, as well as the strategies that can be used to achieve the integration of MIPs and electrochemical sensors, followed by some recent examples over different areas in order to illustrate the potential of such combination in very diverse applications.

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MIPs for commercial application in low-cost sensors and assays – An overview of the current status quo

Cited by 168 publications

References 250 publications

Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based Affinity Sensors (Review)

Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based Affinity Sensors (Review)

Molecularly Imprinted Polyscopoletin for the Electrochemical Detection of the Chronic Disease Marker Lysozyme

Molecularly imprinted polymers - towards electrochemical sensors and electronic tongues

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