Minor Malformations, Hyperactivity, and Learning Disabilities

Minor physical anomalies in neurodevelopmental disorders: a twin study

“…For participants with ADHD or any NDD diagnosis, no associations were found between MPAs and either diagnosis. For ADHD, these results are similar to previous research in children [ 6 ], but conflict with a more recent study in adults reporting an increasing number of MPAs in individuals with ADHD compared with controls [ 8 ]. Finally, we did find that IQ was significantly associated with MPAs, similar to previous research [ 6 ].…”

Clinical and psychoeducational profile of children with borderline intellectual functioning

“…These are known physical features in slow learners. 16,17 In the present study the physical appearance in majority of cases (69.1%) was normal. This finding has clinical significance and has been reported earlier.…”

Clinical and psychoeducational profile of children with specific learning disability and co-occurring attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

“…[1,3,18,20,21] Microcephaly, flat feet, dysmorphic features, left-handedness and soft neurological signs have been reported to be clinical features which are found 'more often' in children having SpLD and/ or ADHD. [1,3,22] Although these Þ ndings in a child with poor school performance are of some importance, they are not diagnostic of either SpLD or ADHD. [3,4,18,23] In the present study, difficulties in writing, inattentiveness and difÞ culties in mathematics were noted in 74-96% of children by the classroom teacher [ Table 5].…”