Mining sustainably: Opportunities for Canada and Brazil

Community–company relations in gold mining in Ghana

“…Second, community respondents were then asked to rate their perceived impact of local gold mining activity on a scale from À5 (highly negative) to 0 (neutral) to þ5 (highly positive) for a set of economic, social, and environmental indicators developed based on the 'three pillars of environmental sustainability' (Habirono, 2001;Hilson and Murck, 2000;Richards, 2002;Veiga et al, 2001). These indicators are consistent with other studies examining the impact of resource development, including sustainable mining (Burge, 1995;Dalsted et al, 1980;Humphreys, 2001;McAllister and Milioli, 2000;Rickson et al, 1995). Economic indicators included agriculture, trade and commerce, employment opportunity, personal income level, infrastructure, and cost of living.…”

The influence of human settlement on the distribution and diversity of iron-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the Gallionellaceae in tropical streams

“…With respect to phylogenetic diversity, only a few species of neutrophilic FeOB have been retrieved from circumneutral pH environments to date; for example, Gallionella ferruginea, Sideroxydans lithotrophicus , and Mariprofundus ferrooxydans , the first two belonging to the Betaproteobacteria and the last one to the Zetaproteobacteria (Emerson et al, 2010 ; Hedrich et al, 2011 ; McBeth et al, 2011 ). With respect to eco-physiological properties, the studies published so far have focused on wetland soils and sediments (Wang et al, 2009 , 2011 ), freshwater environments (Lin et al, 2012 ), marine sediments (McAllister and Milioli, 2000 ), and small streams (Fleming et al, 2014 ). However, knowledge about the effect of mining activity on the phylogenetic diversity and ecological properties of neutrophilic FeOB is lacking.…”