Mining Investment Risk Assessment for Nations along the Belt and Road Initiative

Xiang, Yujing; Zhang, Qinli; Wang, Dao‐Lin; Wu, Shihai

doi:10.3390/land11081287

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The statistics in Table 8 demonstrate the types and contents of mineral resources in the Belt and Road region [ 69 , 75 , 76 ]. Moreover, the copper reserves of the BRI-related countries comprise 396 million tons, accounting for about 47.71% of the world’s copper reserves, mainly distributed in Myanmar, Russia and Indonesia [ 77 ].…”

Section: Ecological Environment Status In Belt and Road Initiative Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Status and Prospect of Ecological Environment in the Belt and Road Initiative Regions

Qin

Huang

2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the widespread recognition and in-depth implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), especially in the context of global climate change, the ecological environment of Belt and Road Initiative regions might be confronted with pressures and challenges with rapid socioeconomic development. In response to those potential environmental challenges, China has put forward Green BRI and enriched the new Silk Road with more environmental connotations, aiming to reduce the conflict between economic development and eco-environmental protection. Currently, there is a lack of systematic and holistic research on eco-environmental issues in BRI regions. In addition, feasible solutions to enhance BRI’s contribution to the eco-environment remain insufficient. Having systematically reviewed the relevant literature on the eco-environment in BRI regions, we found that most regions along the BRI routes are in sensitive zones of climate and geological change, with fragile eco-environments and strong vulnerability to climate change, natural disasters and human activities. The main eco-environment status of the BRI regions is as follows: (1) The total water resources in BRI regions account for only 36% of the global total, with uneven distribution and complex spatial precipitation, posing higher pressure on water security. (2) Vegetation varies significantly from region to region. The vegetation in South Asia is the richest, with its mean annual NDVI exceeding 0.7. The NDVI in East Europe, Russia and South China are between 0.4 and 0.7, and that in Central Asia and West Asia are below 0.2. (3) The BRI regions are abundantly blessed with natural resources, with the total recoverable oil reserves, natural gas reserves and the total mining area reaching 66%, 65.5% and 42.31% of the world’s total, respectively, but severe overexploitation and overconsumption of those resources degrade their eco-environment. Accordingly, future research directions, such as target on integrated, interdisciplinary and coordinated studies on eco-environmental issues in BRI regions, are proposed in this paper to achieve optimization of BRI’s contribution to eco-environment protection in BRI regions.

show abstract

Section: Ecological Environment Status In Belt and Road Initiative Re...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Status and Prospect of Ecological Environment in the Belt and Road Initiative Regions

Qin

Huang

2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…High technological and operational standards must guarantee safety for miners [18], inhabitants [19], and the environment [8]. Innovative technologies are designed to ensure the high productivity of a mining enterprise and increase its financial sustainability in the context of globalisation while maintaining and improving safety and reliability [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles of Sustainable Development of Georesources as a Way to Reduce Urban Vulnerability

Kongar-Syuryun,

Klyuev,

Golik

et al. 2024

Urban Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Humanity development is associated with higher spiritual and social behaviour and financial shape, which is an undeniable factor of urbanisation. Previously, in areas of georesource concentration, cities and settlements were formed with people exploiting these georesources. However, imperfect technologies lead to rapid depletion of reserves and industrial and environmental disasters, which affect the vulnerability of cities and the people living in them. The analysis of applied technologies has demonstrated that potash extraction is accompanied by a low recovery ratio, high mine accidents, and environmental problems. The principles of sustainable development of geo-resources for the creation of mining technologies that ensure industrial safety, environmental sustainability, and extending the life of the mining enterprise to save working places will reduce the vulnerability of cities. This article proposes the use of the room-and-pillar mining method with the replacement of natural supports with artificial ones. Three-stage stoping with backfill is considered. Numerical modelling has shown stabilisation of mining and geomechanical processes, which confirms the prospectivity of the method with backfill. For these purposes, this research presents a new backfill composition based on local industrial waste. Schemes of backfill preparation and feeding into the mined-out space are proposed. The proposed technology, based on the principles of sustainable development of georesources, is the foundation for an economically profitable, environmentally friendly, and socially responsible mining enterprise. The implementation of the principles of sustainable development of georesources will allow for the preservation of cities and reduce their vulnerability.

show abstract

“…Chromite ores are from light gray to gray with various inclusions, and internal overburden rocks are from light brown to dark brown, depending on the content of iron-manganese and chromium impurities in them [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Production of Pigments Based on Composite Pellets in the Recycling of Industrial Waste

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article presents the complex processing of low-grade and substandard chromium ores, as well as sludge tailings, with the production of composite chromium-containing materials and pigments, while improving environmental performance in the Republic of Kazakhstan through the utilization and processing of technogenic raw materials. In this work, to study the physicochemical properties of the starting materials, modern analytical, thermodynamic, chemical, granulometric, as well as computational, mathematical, laboratory, and experimental methods were used. In particular, studies of a method for producing composite pellets for chromite pigments based on industrial technogenic waste of the Republic of Kazakhstan are presented. Based on the results of the experimental studies, composite pellets were obtained, having a compressive strength of 150–220 kg/pellet and containing 49.7% of chromium oxide and 0.5–1.0% of carbon in its composition. The resulting chromite pigment based on the composite pellets is a modification of chromium oxohydroxide with the formula γ-CrOOH. The density of the resulting pigment is 3.4 kg/m3. The chromite pigment based on the composite pellets is recommended for use in various coloring compositions, including using it for printing on cotton and mixed fabrics intended for sewing outerwear.

show abstract

Mining Investment Risk Assessment for Nations along the Belt and Road Initiative

Cited by 10 publications

References 62 publications

Status and Prospect of Ecological Environment in the Belt and Road Initiative Regions

Status and Prospect of Ecological Environment in the Belt and Road Initiative Regions

Principles of Sustainable Development of Georesources as a Way to Reduce Urban Vulnerability

Research on the Production of Pigments Based on Composite Pellets in the Recycling of Industrial Waste

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About