“…The GAs have been used by several researchers to solve the sequencing and scheduling problem. The GAs were applied to single machine problem by Liepins et al (1987), Gupta, Gupta, and Kumar (1993), Lee and Choi (1995), Rubin and Ragatz (1995), and David et al (1999). Cleveland and Smith (1989), Biegel and Davern (1990), Vempati, Chen, and Bullington (1993), Neppalli (1994), Chen, Vempati, and Aljaber (1995), Reeves (1995), and Sridhar and Rajendran (1995) used the GA approach to solve the flow shop problem.…”