2020
DOI: 10.3390/s20041205
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Abstract: This paper presents an analog front-end transceiver for an ultrasound imaging system based on a high-voltage (HV) transmitter, a low-noise front-end amplifier (RX), and a complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor, aluminum nitride, piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMOS-AlN-PMUT). The system was designed using the 0.13-μm Silterra CMOS process and the MEMS-on-CMOS platform, which allowed for the implementation of an AlN PMUT on top of the CMOS-integrated circuit. The HV transmitter drives a colu… Show more

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Cited by 32 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…The main limitations of optical transducers are high sensitivity to temperature fluctuations and vibrations, as well as system cost. Overall, NEP of the reviewed technologies, (piezoelectric: 2 mPA•Hz −1/2 [52], CMUT: 1.8~2.3 mPA•Hz −1/2 [123], PMUT: 0.84~1.3 mPA•Hz −1/2 [196], optical ultrasound detection: 0.45~486 mPA•Hz −1/2 [42]) suggest that micromachined transducers (i.e., CMUTs and PMUTs) may be the more suitable transducers for photoacoustic imaging applications.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The main limitations of optical transducers are high sensitivity to temperature fluctuations and vibrations, as well as system cost. Overall, NEP of the reviewed technologies, (piezoelectric: 2 mPA•Hz −1/2 [52], CMUT: 1.8~2.3 mPA•Hz −1/2 [123], PMUT: 0.84~1.3 mPA•Hz −1/2 [196], optical ultrasound detection: 0.45~486 mPA•Hz −1/2 [42]) suggest that micromachined transducers (i.e., CMUTs and PMUTs) may be the more suitable transducers for photoacoustic imaging applications.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A High Voltage (HV) Transmitter (TX) is used to drive the PMUT, applying HV pulses at its resonance frequency in order to generate enough acoustic pressure to the surrounding medium. To optimize area, power consumption and transmission efficiency we have chosen the HV Pulser designed in [19]. This circuit, based on level-shifters and inverters, is able to rise monophasic pulses from 3.3 V to 32 V. The detailed description and characterization of this circuit can be seen in [19].…”
Section: A Transmission and Reception Ultrasound Systemmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the design of the LNA, a tradeoff between noise performance, gain and area needs to be considered. With this tradeoff in mind, and taking into account that the PMUT will be fully integrated with the LNA circuitry, we have chosen the Voltage Amplifier (VA) proposed in [19] as LNA topology, see Fig. 2.…”
Section: A Transmission and Reception Ultrasound Systemmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…This Special Issue contains a selection of 16 papers covering photomultiplier tubes and silicon photomultipliers (PMTs and SiPMs) interfaces and applications [1][2][3], techniques for monitoring radiation levels [4,5], electronics for biomedical applications [6][7][8], design and applications of time-to-digital converters [9][10][11], interfaces for image sensors [12,13] and general-purpose theory and topologies for electronic interfaces [14][15][16].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%