Miniature Genome in the Marine Chordate
            <i>Oikopleura dioica</i>

Seo, Hee-Chan; Kube, Michael; Edvardsen, Rolf B.; Jensen, Marit Flo; Beck, Alfred; Spriet, Endy; Gorsky, Gabriel; Thompson, Eric M.; Lehrach, Hans; Reinhardt, Richard; Chourrout, Daniel

doi:10.1126/science.294.5551.2506

Cited by 163 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…But if larvaceans provided the evolutionary source of marine tadpole larvae, their genomes would be smaller and included in those of adult tunicates. The genome of the larvacean Oikopleura dioica is about one-third that of the tunicate Ciona intestinalis, consistent with my thesis (22,23).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Caterpillars evolved from onychophorans by hybridogenesis

Williamson

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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I reject the Darwinian assumption that larvae and their adults evolved from a single common ancestor. Rather I posit that, in animals that metamorphose, the basic types of larvae originated as adults of different lineages, i.e., larvae were transferred when, through hybridization, their genomes were acquired by distantly related animals. ''Caterpillars,'' the name for eruciforms with thoracic and abdominal legs, are larvae of lepidopterans, hymenopterans, and mecopterans (scorpionflies). Grubs and maggots, including the larvae of beetles, bees, and flies, evolved from caterpillars by loss of legs. Caterpillar larval organs are dismantled and reconstructed in the pupal phase. Such indirect developmental patterns (metamorphoses) did not originate solely by accumulation of random mutations followed by natural selection; rather they are fully consistent with my concept of evolution by hybridogenesis. Members of the phylum Onychophora (velvet worms) are proposed as the evolutionary source of caterpillars and their grub or maggot descendants. I present a molecular biological research proposal to test my thesis. By my hypothesis 2 recognizable sets of genes are detectable in the genomes of all insects with caterpillar grub-or maggot-like larvae: (i) onychophoran genes that code for proteins determining larval morphology/physiology and (ii) sequentially expressed insect genes that code for adult proteins. The genomes of insects and other animals that, by contrast, entirely lack larvae comprise recognizable sets of genes from single animal common ancestors.hybridization ͉ insect evolution ͉ interphyletic crosses ͉ larval transfer ͉ metamorphosis

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Caterpillars evolved from onychophorans by hybridogenesis

Williamson

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…There appears to be a deletion mechanism that maintains the small size of genomes in high generation rate taxa, thus contributing to a higher mutation rate. This is corroborated by the extreme genome evolution of Oikopleura (Seo et al 2001), a larvacean urochordate with a 5-day generation time and the smallest genome known to date for animals (72 Mb).…”

Section: Justification Of Premisesmentioning

confidence: 61%

Terminal addition, the Cambrian radiation and the Phanerozoic evolution of bilaterian form

Jacobs

Hughes

Fitz‐Gibbon

et al. 2005

Evolution and Development

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SUMMARYWe examine terminal addition, the process of addition of serial elements in a posterior subterminal growth zone during animal development, across modern taxa and fossil material. We argue that terminal addition was the basal condition in Bilateria, and that modification of terminal addition was an important component of the rapid Cambrian evolution of novel bilaterian morphology. We categorize the often-convergent modifications of terminal addition from the presumed ancestral condition. Our focus on terminal addition and its modification highlights trends in the history of animal evolution evident in the fossil record. These trends appear to be the product of departure from the initial terminal addition state, as is evident in evolutionary patterns within-fossil groups such as trilobites, but is also more generally related to shifts in types of morphologic change through the early Phanerozoic. Our argument is contingent on dates of metazoan divergence that are roughly convergent with the first appearance of metazoan fossils in the latest Proterozoic and Cambrian, as well as on an inference of homology of terminal addition across bilaterian Metazoa.

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“…This was followed by the decoding of genomes of the echinoderm sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Sea Urchin Genome Sequencing Consortium, 2006) and recently of the Florida lancelet (amphioxus) Branchiostoma floridae (Putnam et al, 2008). In addition to the genome sequencing projects, extensive expressed sequence tag (EST) data became available from the acorn worm Saccoglossus kowalevskii (Lowe et al, 2003) and assembled shotgun sequences were obtained from the larvacean urochordate Oikopleura dioica (Seo et al, 2001). These research achievements permitted molecular phylogeneticists to perform more detailed analyses of deuterostome relationships.…”

Section: Evolutionary Relationship Of Deuterostomes Deduced From Sequmentioning

confidence: 99%

An aboral‐dorsalization hypothesis for chordate origin

Satoh

2008

Genesis

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Summary: Chordates originated from a common ancestor(s) shared with two other deuterostome groups, echinoderms and hemichordates, by creating a novel type of tadpole-like larva, which was characterized by a dorsal hollow neural tube and notochord. Recent molecular phylogeny supports the notion that echinoderms and hemichordates form a clade named the Ambulacraria and that, among the chordates, cephalochordates are more basal than urochordates and vertebrates. An aboral-dorsalization hypothesis is proposed to explain how the tadpole-type larva evolved. Embryological comparison of cephalochordates with nonchordate deuterostomes suggests that, because of limited space on the oral side of the ancestral embryo, morphogenesis to form the neural tube and notochord occurred on the aboral side of the embryo. Namely, the dorsalization of the aboral side of the ancestral embryo may have been a key developmental event that led to the formation of the basic chordate body plan. genesis 46:614-622, 2008. V V C 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Miniature Genome in the Marine Chordate Oikopleura dioica

Cited by 163 publications

References 5 publications

Caterpillars evolved from onychophorans by hybridogenesis

Caterpillars evolved from onychophorans by hybridogenesis

Terminal addition, the Cambrian radiation and the Phanerozoic evolution of bilaterian form

An aboral‐dorsalization hypothesis for chordate origin

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