Mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic features of tuffs from the CFDDP drill hole: Hydrothermal activity in the eastern side of the Campi Flegrei volcano (southern Italy)

Mormone, Angela; Troise, Claudia; Piochi, Monica; Balassone, Giuseppina; Joachimski, Michael M.; Natale, Giuseppe De

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.12.003

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…This zone coincides with the rise of the isotherms in proximity to the gaseous vents, in agreement with other studies (e.g., Chiodini et al, 2011;Piochi et al, 2014). The acidic-sulfatic environments developed at shallow depths above the boiling zone (De Vivo et al, 1989;Mormone et al, 2015) and the thermo-metamorphic horizon (red dashed line in Fig. 8).…”

Section: The High Vs Low Sulfidation System Of the Campi Flegreisupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This type of system is consistent with the situation above described and, following Herrington (2010) and White and Hedenquist (1995), with the mineralogy detected downhole (De Vivo et al, 1989;Mormone et al, 2011Mormone et al, , 2015 at the Campi Flegrei: i.e., the absence of massive quartz deposits, the common calcite and adularia and the rare kaolinite, and the arsenopyrite and pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite occurrence (our data at 2-5% by area in the San Vito 1 and up to 10% by area at Mofete wells).…”

Section: The High Vs Low Sulfidation System Of the Campi Flegreisupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Several additional lines of evidence supports this idea: (1) the highly variable mineral association of the encrustations and mud pools; (2) the manganiferous carbonate and locally abundant sphalerite and galena up 10% by area (our unpublished data) downhole; (3) the presence of SO 2 (Aiuppa et al, 2013) and HCl (Vaselli et al, 2011) in the fluids; (4) the relation between acid sulfate alteration and local faults and fractures (see Section 2, Fig. 1); (5) the maar-diatreme structure of the Solfatara Mormone et al (2015) and in Fig. 7b.…”

Section: The High Vs Low Sulfidation System Of the Campi Flegreimentioning

confidence: 85%

“…8). Any alunite has been reported in the surface (AGIP, 1987;Mormone et al, 2015), possibly implying fluids poor in sulfate (Giggenbach, 1997). Barite has also been detected in the shallow subsurface and anhydrite occurs starting from depths N 380 (our unpublished data for the CFDDP; Mormone et al, 2011;Rosi and Sbrana, 1987), but being not continuously recovered throughout the San Vito1 well.…”

Section: The High Vs Low Sulfidation System Of the Campi Flegreimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, 87 Sr/ 86 Sr and 143 Nd/ 144 Nd ratios have been determined for Pisciarelli alunite, and new δ 34 S and δ 18 O data have been merged with the scattered data published for newly formed sulfur-bearing minerals from the Campi Flegrei (Ault and Kulp, 1959;Cortecci et al, 1978;Allard et al, 1991;Valentino et al, 1999). Criteria proposed in the literature by Rye et al (1992) and Rye (2005) for respective volcanogenic sulfur-bearing precipitates were merged with data from subsurface (Baldi et al;, 1975;Rosi and Sbrana, 1987;De Vivo et al, 1989;Mormone et al, 2011Mormone et al, , 2015 and for fluid geochemistry (Carapezza et al, 1984;Allard et al, 1991;Chiodini et al, 2001Chiodini et al, , 2010Vaselli et al, 2011;Aiuppa et al, 2013) in order to constrain environmental boundary conditions for sulfate formation. Hence, the aims of this paper are: (1) to provide unique information about the S-isotope composition for deep-seated pyrite; (2) to update the record of δ 34 S values for shallow sulfur (Cortecci et al, 1978); (3) to improve our understanding about the sulfur isotopic composition of sulfur-bearing minerals formed at the surface; and (4) to furnish new, although qualitative, insights into the evolution of the Phlegrean hydrothermal system.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Native sulfur, sulfates and sulfides from the active Campi Flegrei volcano (southern Italy): Genetic environments and degassing dynamics revealed by mineralogy and isotope geochemistry

Piochi

Mormone

Balassone

et al. 2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Section: The High Vs Low Sulfidation System Of the Campi Flegreisupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: The High Vs Low Sulfidation System Of the Campi Flegreisupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: The High Vs Low Sulfidation System Of the Campi Flegreimentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: The High Vs Low Sulfidation System Of the Campi Flegreimentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Native sulfur, sulfates and sulfides from the active Campi Flegrei volcano (southern Italy): Genetic environments and degassing dynamics revealed by mineralogy and isotope geochemistry

Piochi

Mormone

Balassone

et al. 2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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The Campi Flegrei Deep Drilling Project (CFDDP): New insight on caldera structure, evolution and hazard implications for the Naples area (Southern Italy)

Natale

Troise

Mark

et al. 2016

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The 501 m deep hole of the Campi Flegrei Deep Drilling Project, located west of the Naples metropolitan area and inside the Campi Flegrei caldera, gives new insight to reconstruct the volcanotectonic evolution of this highly populated volcano. It is one of the highest risk volcanic areas in the world, but its tectonic structure, eruptive history, and size of the largest eruptions are intensely debated in the literature. New stratigraphic and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronological dating allow us to determine, for the first time, the age of intracaldera deposits belonging to the two highest magnitude caldera-forming eruptions (i.e., Campanian Ignimbrite, CI, 39 ka, and Neapolitan Yellow Tuff, NYT, 14.9 ka) and to estimate the amount of collapse. Tuffs from 439 m of depth yield the first 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age of ca. 39 ka within the caldera, consistent with the CI. Volcanic rocks from the NYT were, moreover, detected between 250 and 160 m. Our findings highlight: (i) a reduction of the area affected by caldera collapse, which appears to not include the city of Naples; (ii) a small volume of the infilling caldera deposits, particularly for the CI, and (iii) the need for reassessment of the collapse amounts and mechanisms related to larger eruptions. Our results also imply a revaluation of volcanic risk for the eastern caldera area, including the city of Naples. The results of this study point out that large calderas are characterized by complex collapse mechanisms and dynamics, whose understanding needs more robust constraints, which can be obtained from scientific drilling.

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A geochemical and geophysical reappraisal to the significance of the recent unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera (Southern Italy)

Moretti

Natale

Troise

2017

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Volcanic unrest at calderas involves complex interaction between magma, hydrothermal fluids, and crustal stress and strain. Campi Flegrei caldera (CFc), located in the Naples (Italy) area and characterized by the highest volcanic risk on Earth for the extreme urbanization, undergoes unrest phenomena involving several meters of uplift and intense shallow microseismicity since several decades. Despite unrest episodes display in the last decade only moderate ground deformation and seismicity, current interpretations of geochemical data point to a highly pressurized hydrothermal system. We show that at CFc, the usual assumption of vapor‐liquid coexistence in the fumarole plumes leads to largely overestimated hydrothermal pressures and, accordingly, interpretations of elevated unrest. By relaxing unconstrained geochemical assumptions, we infer an alternative model yielding better agreement between geophysical and geochemical observations. The model reconciles discrepancies between what observed (1) for two decades since the 1982–1984 large unrest, when shallow magma was supplying heat and fluids to the hydrothermal system, and (2) in the last decade. Compared to the 1980's unrest, the post‐2005 phenomena are characterized by much lower aquifers overpressure and magmatic involvement, as indicated by geophysical data and despite large changes in geochemical indicators. Our interpretation points out a model in which shallow sills, intruded during 1969–1984, have completely cooled, so that fumarole emissions are affected now by deeper, CO2‐richer, magmatic gases producing the modest heating and overpressure of the hydrothermal system. Our results have important implications on the short‐term eruption hazard assessment and on the best strategies for monitoring and interpreting geochemical data.

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Mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic features of tuffs from the CFDDP drill hole: Hydrothermal activity in the eastern side of the Campi Flegrei volcano (southern Italy)

Cited by 23 publications

References 62 publications

Native sulfur, sulfates and sulfides from the active Campi Flegrei volcano (southern Italy): Genetic environments and degassing dynamics revealed by mineralogy and isotope geochemistry

Native sulfur, sulfates and sulfides from the active Campi Flegrei volcano (southern Italy): Genetic environments and degassing dynamics revealed by mineralogy and isotope geochemistry

The Campi Flegrei Deep Drilling Project (CFDDP): New insight on caldera structure, evolution and hazard implications for the Naples area (Southern Italy)

A geochemical and geophysical reappraisal to the significance of the recent unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera (Southern Italy)

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