Mimosine is a stress-response molecule that serves as both an antioxidant and osmolyte in giant leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala subsp. glabrata) during environmental stress conditions

Honda, Michael D. H.; Borthakur, Dulal

doi:10.1016/j.stress.2021.100015

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, mimosinase expression is high under the condition of nitrogen limitation. Honda and Borthakur (2021) observed positive correlation between mimosine contents of foliage with nitrogen availability. The mimosine molecule has two nitrogen atoms, which constitute 14% of its molecular weight.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Therefore, the gene sequence for mimosinase was also selected for gene expression studies. Previous studies show that the mimosine contents in the leucaena foliage change under different environmental conditions such as soil salinity, pH and nitrogen content ( Honda and Borthakur, 2021 ; Bageel and Borthakur, 2022 ). Similarly, the tannin contents of the leucaena foliage are influenced by a number of environmental factors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, mimosine concentrations in the foliage is mostly a function of mimosine synthase activity. Recently, mimosine has been described as a “stress response molecule” that is produced in high quantities during favorable environmental conditions and degraded under stress environments such as drought and other nutrient-limited growth conditions ( Honda and Borthakur, 2021 ). Under unfavorable growth conditions, mimosine in the leucaena tissues are converted to produce ammonia and pyruvate that are used in synthesis of other compounds essential for survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mimosine is a non-protein amino acid present in all parts of the leucaena plant; young leaves, growing shoot tips, and seeds contain the highest concentration of mimosine ( Xuan et al, 2006 ). The concentrations of mimosine in the foliage and other parts of the leucaena plants change in response to various environmental stresses; therefore, mimosine has been described as a stress-response molecule ( Honda and Borthakur, 2021 ). Mimosine is also secreted in the root exudates to the rhizosphere, where it works as a phytosiderophore and facilitates metallic cation uptake from the soil ( Honda and Borthakur, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mimosine is also secreted in the root exudates to the rhizosphere, where it works as a phytosiderophore and facilitates metallic cation uptake from the soil ( Honda and Borthakur, 2020 ). It also serves as an antioxidant that mitigates free radicals and limits oxidative damage ( Honda and Borthakur, 2021 ). On the other hand, mimosine is considered a toxic compound that negatively affects animals when ingested in high amounts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptional Analyses of Genes Related to Fodder Qualities in Giant Leucaena Under Different Stress Environments

2022

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Leucaena leucocephala subsp. glabrata (giant leucaena) is a tree legume, whose foliage is used as a fodder for animals because of its high protein content. In spite of being a highly nutritious fodder, giant leucaena foliage has two undesirable secondary metabolites, mimosine and tannin. The amounts of mimosine and tannin in giant leucaena foliage are known to vary under different environmental conditions. Giant leucaena was grown under different salinity, pH and nitrogen availability conditions. It produced the highest amounts of mimosine at pH 6.0–7.0, whereas, variation in soil pH did not affect tannin concentrations. Salinity stress had negative effects on both mimosine and tannin concentrations, while nitrogen abundance promoted both mimosine and tannin production. Seven genes for mimosine and tannin metabolism were isolated from a transcriptome library of giant leucaena. These were mimosine synthase, mimosinase, chalcone synthase, flavanone 3β-hydroxylase, dihydroflavonol reductase, leucoanthocyanidin reductase, and anthocyanidin reductase. The highest level of mimosine synthase activity was observed in the absence of salt in the soils. Mimosine synthase activities had strong positive correlation with mimosine concentrations in the foliage (R2 = 0.78) whereas mimosinase expression did not appear to have a direct relationship with salt concentrations. The expression of mimosine synthase was significantly higher in the leucaena foliage under nitrogen abundant condition than in nitrogen deficiency conditions, while mimosinase expression was significantly higher under nitrogen deficiency condition than in nitrogen abundance conditions. Mimosine concentrations in the foliage were positively correlated with the expression levels of mimosine synthase but not mimosinase. Similarly, the concentrations of tannin were positively correlated with expression levels of dihydroflavonol reductase, leucoanthocyanidin reductase, and anthocyanidin reductase. Understanding of the environmental conditions that promote or inhibit transcription of the genes for mimosine and tannin biosynthesis should help to design environmental conditions that inhibit transcription of these genes, resulting in reduced levels of these compounds in the leucaena foliage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptional Analyses of Genes Related to Fodder Qualities in Giant Leucaena Under Different Stress Environments

2022

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Global omics study of Tetraselmis chuii reveals time-related metabolic adaptations upon oxidative stress

Koletti,

Skliros,

Kalloniati

et al. 2024

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Microalgae species encounter oxidative stress in their natural environments, prompting the development of species-specific adaptation mechanisms. Understanding these mechanisms can offer valuable insights for biotechnological applications in microalgal metabolic manipulation. In this study, we investigated the response of Tetraselmis chuii, an industrially important microalga, to H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Exposure to 0.5-mM H2O2 resulted in reduced cell viability, and higher concentrations led to a drastic decline. After 1 h of exposure to H2O2, photosynthetic capacity (Qy) was negatively impacted, and this reduction intensified after 6 h of continuous stress. Global multi-omics analysis revealed that T. chuii rapidly responded to H2O2-induced oxidative stress within the first hour, causing significant changes in both transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles. Among the cellular functions negatively affected were carbon and energy flow, with photosynthesis-related PSBQ having a 2.4-fold downregulation, pyruvate kinase decreased by 1.5-fold, and urea content reduced by threefold. Prolonged exposure to H2O2 incurred a high energy cost, leading to unsuccessful attempts to enhance carbon metabolism, as depicted, for example, by the upregulation of photosystems-related PETC and PETJ by more than twofold. These findings indicate that T. chuii quickly responds to oxidative stress, but extended exposure can have detrimental effects on its cellular functions. Key points • 0.5-mM H2O2–induced oxidative stress strongly affects T. chuii • Distinct short- and long-term adaptation mechanisms are induced • Major metabolic adaptations occur within the first hour of exposure

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Mimosine facilitates Fe uptake by Leucaena leucocephala subsp. glabrata in alkaline soils by solubilizing Fe-oxides

Honda

Borthakur

2022

Plant Soil

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Purpose Giant leucaena is a tropical tree-legume that thrives in alkaline and calcareous soils. It contains large amounts of mimosine, the physiological role of which is not well understood. The goals of this study were to determine i) if mimosine is released by giant leucaena into the rhizosphere ii) if mimosine enhances solubility of Fe present in various forms in alkaline soil, and iii) if mimosine enhances transition metal uptake in giant leucaena. Methods Mimosine in the extracts of rhizosphere soil and root exudates was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) to determine if it is released by giant leucaena. Iron concentration in tissue and aqueous samples was determined by ICP-OES analysis. Results Mimosine was detected in both the rhizosphere eluates and root exudates. Mimosine added to samples of goethite, hematite and FeCl3 increased Fe solubility in water. Giant leucaena plants grown in alkaline soils and supplied with mimosine had higher levels of chlorophyll, Fe and Mn than the control plants. Conclusion Mimosine is released by giant leucaena roots into the rhizosphere, where it interacts with Fe. Mimosine enhances solubility of insoluble Fe-oxides and prevents conversion of ferric Fe to insoluble oxides at an alkaline pH. Mimosine enhances Fe and Mn uptake in plants growing in alkaline soil conditions.

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Mimosine is a stress-response molecule that serves as both an antioxidant and osmolyte in giant leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala subsp. glabrata) during environmental stress conditions

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Transcriptional Analyses of Genes Related to Fodder Qualities in Giant Leucaena Under Different Stress Environments

Transcriptional Analyses of Genes Related to Fodder Qualities in Giant Leucaena Under Different Stress Environments

Global omics study of Tetraselmis chuii reveals time-related metabolic adaptations upon oxidative stress

Mimosine facilitates Fe uptake by Leucaena leucocephala subsp. glabrata in alkaline soils by solubilizing Fe-oxides

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