Milnesium berladnicorum sp. n. (Eutardigrada, Apochela, Milnesiidae), a new species of water bear from Romania

Ciobanu, Daniel Adrian; Zawierucha, Krzysztof; Moglan, I.; Kaczmarek, Łukasz

doi:10.3897/zookeys.429.7755

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The M. tardigradum clade (A) was in a sister group relationship to clade B that comprised: M. berladnicorum Ciobanu, Zawierucha, Moglan, & Kaczmarek, ; M. variefidum , and M. dornensis . Clades A and B were in a sister group relationship to clade C that contained three sequences from two unidentified species: a misidentified “ M. tardigradum ” (the laboratory strain maintained at the Stuttgart University and a specimen collected in Japan; EU244603–4; Schill unpublished), and an undescribed species from Arizona labeled as “ M. hisatsinomorum sp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milnesium tardigradum Doyère, 1840: The first integrative study of interpopulation variability in a tardigrade species

Morek

Stec

Gąsiorek

et al. 2018

J Zool Syst Evol Res

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Intraspecific variability of tardigrades is a poorly investigated field. The great majority of tardigrade species were described using single populations, sometimes even single individuals. Moreover, intraspecific variability between multiple, integratively verified populations has never been described for any tardigrade species. In this study, we analyzed morphological, morphometric, and genetic variability of nine European populations of Milnesium tardigradum, one of the first described tardigrade species that until recently was thought to be cosmopolitan. We found that the nine populations of M. tardigradum exhibited low to moderate diversity in the nuclear ITS‐2 marker (0.2%–4.0%, 1.1% on average) and low to high divergence in the mitochondrial COI fragment (0.2%–11.4%, 4.4% on average). Despite the considerable variability in COI, all M. tardigradum populations exhibited mostly uniform morphology and morphometry. Moreover, we analyzed ontogenetic variability in claw and lamellae configuration under scanning electron microscopy, which resulted in the description of novel taxonomically important traits for M. tardigradum. The phylogenetic analysis unambiguously showed that all GenBank sequences predating the redescription of M. tardigradum and labeled as “M. tardigradum” or “M. cf. tardigradum” represent other species. Thus, the neotype population from Germany and the additional eight European populations analyzed in this study are the only confirmed records of M. tardigradum to date. Finally, in order to clarify ontogenetic nomenclature, we propose distinct names for the first and second immature instars in the order Apochela (hatchling and juvenile, respectively) and concise definitions of time and direction of ontogenetic changes in claw configuration (i.e., early/late and positive/negative change).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milnesium tardigradum Doyère, 1840: The first integrative study of interpopulation variability in a tardigrade species

Morek

Stec

Gąsiorek

et al. 2018

J Zool Syst Evol Res

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“…Data on body length ranges and taxonomic traits used for the construction of the diagnostic key to the genus were extracted from original descriptions and redescriptions of all known Milnesium species and subspecies described up to the end of 2015 (i.e. Doyère, 1840;Ehrenberg, 1853;Nederström, 1919;Rahm, 1931;Binda and Pilato, 1990;Maucci, 1991;Pilato and Binda, 1991;Pilato et al, 2002;Yang, 2003;Kaczmarek et al, 2004;Tumanov, 2006;Kaczmarek and Michalczyk, 2007;Wallendorf and Miller, 2009;Meyer andHinton, 2010, 2012;Michalczyk et al, 2012a;Meyer et al, 2013;Bartels et al, 2014;Ciobanu et al, 2014;Ciobanu et al, 2015;Londoño et al, 2015;Meyer, 2015;Roszkowska et al, 2015).…”

Section: Literature Review and Comparative Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that the new species is most similar to Milnesium berladnicorum Ciobanu et al, 2014, and as the original description of the species did not mention the presence of cuticular pseudoplates or include molecular barcodes, we obtained the type series and a lichen sample from the type locality of M. berladnicorum, courtesy of Dr. Łukasz Kaczmarek (Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland) and Daniel Ciobanu (Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Romania). The sample was collected from Bârlad, Romania (46°14'41''N, 27°40'19''E; 80 m asl), in April 2014 by D. Ciobanu, and processed by us as described above.…”

Section: Literature Review and Comparative Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental taxonomy exposes ontogenetic variability and elucidates the taxonomic value of claw configuration in MilnesiumDoyère, 1840 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Apochela)

Morek

Gąsiorek

Stec

et al. 2016

CTOZ

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Key words: barcoding, diagnostic key, development tracking, in vitro culture, M. berladnicorum, M. variefidum sp. nov. AbstractIn this paper we describe a new apochelan species, Milnesium variefidum sp. nov. from Scotland and provide novel morphological and molecular data for Milnesium berladnicorum Ciobanu et al., 2014. The new species differs from the most similar M. berladnicorum by the presence of developmental dimorphism in claw configuration, absent or weakly developed cuticular bars under claws I-III, a different arrangement of cuticular pseudoplates, and by differences in the sequences of three nuclear DNA fragments: 18S rRNA (p-distance: 0.6%), 28S rRNA (2.0%), ITS-2 (9.3%), and on mitochondrial gene COI (12.4%). Although ontogenetic claw configuration change was suspected to occur in some Milnesium species, we are the first to document it through the combined use of traditional, molecular and experimental methodologies. We discuss the implications of the observed phenomenon for the taxonomy of the genus and propose a new diagnostic key to all Milnesium species described up to the end of 2015. We also review other traits used for species differentiation in the genus and offer recommendations to improve the quality of future descriptions as well as suggest a need for integrative redescriptions of the known species. Finally, we propose to suppress M. dujiangensis and M. tardigradum trispinosum and suggest that M. alpigenum and M. quadrifidum are valid species that require thorough redescriptions.

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“…The new species with three points on the secondary branches of all claws (claw configuration [3-3]-[3-3]) is most similar to M. beasleyi Kaczmarek et al 2012a, b, M. beatae sp. nov. and M. berladnicorum Ciobanu et al 2014b, but it differs from the following:…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Characteristics and measurements of the species used in the differential diagnosis are given according to the original descriptions (Ramazzotti 1962;Binda and Pilato 1990;Maucci 1991;Pilato et al 2002;Kaczmarek et al 2004Kaczmarek et al , 2012aTumanov 2006;Kaczmarek and Michalczyk 2007;Meyer andHinton 2010, 2012;Michalczyk et al 2012a, b;Bartels et al 2014;Ciobanu et al 2014b) or are based on direct examination of fixed specimens (holotype and paratypes of M. beasleyi, M. berladnicorum, M. bohleberi, M. granulatum, M. katarzynae, M. krzysztofi and specimens of M. eurystomum from Spitsbergen). Tardigrade taxonomy follows Marley et al (2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genus Milnesium Doyère, 1840 (Tardigrada) in South America with descriptions of two new species from Argentina and discussion of the feeding behaviour in the family Milnesiidae

2015

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Background: The diversity and distribution of the tardigrades in South America are rather poor and selective, as is information about their feeding behaviour and diet. To date, only ca. 210 tardigrade taxa have been reported from the region of South America. In the present paper, we provide an update of the distribution of the genus Milnesium in South America and discuss some aspects of the feeding behaviour in the family Milnesiidae. Results: In seven moss samples collected in the Argentinean province of Río Negro, 31 specimens, 4 exuviae and 32 eggs belonging to the genus Milnesium were found. Among them, four species were identified: Milnesium argentinum sp. nov., Milnesium beatae sp. nov., Milnesium brachyungue and Milnesium granulatum. By its dorsal sculpture, M. argentinum sp. nov. is most similar to M. beatae sp. nov., Milnesium beasleyi and Milnesium berladnicorum, but it differs from M. beasleyi and M. berladnicorum mainly by having a different claw configuration and from M. beatae and M. beasleyi by having stylet supports inserted in a more caudal position and by some other morphometric characters. In the width of its buccal tube and the claw configuration [3-3]-[3-3], M. beatae sp. nov. is most similar to Milnesium bohleberi, M. brachyungue and Milnesium eurystomum, but it differs from them mainly by having a sculptured dorsal cuticle and by some other morphometric characters. Conclusions: The study discusses distribution and taxonomic problems of the Milnesium species known from South America. As of now, nine Milnesium taxa are known from this region (including two new species reported in this paper). Additionally, the study broadens our knowledge of tardigrades' feeding behaviour, provides some details about their diet and suggests that the type of prey chosen by some species belonging to the family Milnesiidae may be associated with the width of their buccal tube.

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Milnesium berladnicorum sp. n. (Eutardigrada, Apochela, Milnesiidae), a new species of water bear from Romania

Cited by 25 publications

References 19 publications

Milnesium tardigradum Doyère, 1840: The first integrative study of interpopulation variability in a tardigrade species

Milnesium tardigradum Doyère, 1840: The first integrative study of interpopulation variability in a tardigrade species

Experimental taxonomy exposes ontogenetic variability and elucidates the taxonomic value of claw configuration in MilnesiumDoyère, 1840 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Apochela)

The genus Milnesium Doyère, 1840 (Tardigrada) in South America with descriptions of two new species from Argentina and discussion of the feeding behaviour in the family Milnesiidae

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