Milk Consumption and the Growth of School-Children.

Orr, J. S.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)96187-7

Cited by 94 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Most (but not all (Elwood et al, 1981;Kaklamani et al, 1999;Mucci et al, 2001)) cross-sectional observational, experimental and natural-experimental studies indicate that increased milk intake in childhood is associated with greater height in childhood (Orr, 1928;Leighton and Clark, 1929;Baker et al, 1980;Paganus et al, 1992;Stallings et al, 1994;Isolauri et al, 1998) and with higher circulating levels of IGF-I (Cadogan et al, 1997;Heaney et al, 1999;Gunnell et al, 2003;Hoppe et al, 2004a, b;Rogers et al, 2006). Paradoxically, the inverse association we found between milk intake in childhood and IGF-I levels 65 years later was in the opposite direction to these cross-sectional observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Childhood diet and insulin-like growth factors in adulthood: 65-year follow-up of the Boyd Orr Cohort

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: High levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) are associated with an increased cancer risk and reduce risk of diabetes and coronary heart disease. We investigated associations of diet in childhood, in particular energy intake, with the IGF system in adulthood to determine if IGF-I -disease associations could be linked to early nutrition. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Sixteen survey centres in England and Scotland that originally participated in the Carnegie (Boyd Orr) Survey of Diet and Health in Pre-War Britain, 1937-1939. Subjects: Seven hundred and twenty-eight participants (679 with complete data) in the Boyd Orr cohort. Methods: Participants were originally surveyed between 1937 and 1939 (at median age 5.8 years; inter-quartile range: 2.9-9.6) and were followed up for 65 years. Dietary exposure in childhood was assessed from 7-day household food inventories. Outcomes are expressed as regression coefficients for the change in IGF per standard deviation increased childhood nutrient or food intake, as derived from levels of household consumption. Results: In fully-adjusted models, energy-rich family diets in childhood were not associated with IGF-I (regression coefficient: 0.9 ng/ml; 95% confidence interval (CI): À1.8, 3.7), IGF-II, IGF binding proteins (IGFBP)-2 or IGFBP-3 in adulthood. IGF-I was associated inversely with childhood family-diets high in milk (À2.5 ng/ml; À5.1, 0.1; P ¼ 0.05) and positively with vegetable-rich diets (3.5 ng/ml; 0.9, 6.1; P ¼ 0.009). IGF-I was not associated with family diets rich in protein, carbohydrates, fats, calcium, meat or fruit. IGF-II, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 were not related to childhood family diet. Conclusions: This study suggests that energy-rich family diets in childhood do not program the IGF system in adulthood. As childhood diet was based on household consumption, however, measurement error may obscure individual-level diet-IGF associations. The associations of milk-and vegetable-rich family diets in childhood with IGF-I could be chance findings, but nevertheless are consistent with recent publications and warrant further investigation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Childhood diet and insulin-like growth factors in adulthood: 65-year follow-up of the Boyd Orr Cohort

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several studies have shown associations between milk intake and growth. Milk has led to a marked catch-up growth of Bundi children (Lampl et al, 1978), American teenagers (Dreizen et al, 1950(Dreizen et al, , 1954, and Scottish school children (Orr, 1928). Also, in a recent study with children aged 3-10 y, milk-avoiders were significantly shorter than the control children (Black et al, 2002).…”

Section: Intake Of Milk and Not Meat Increases S-igf-i C Hoppe Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

High intakes of skimmed milk, but not meat, increase serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in eight-year-old boys

Hoppe¹,

Mølgaard²,

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To examine whether a high protein intake (PI) from either milk or meat, at a level often seen in late infancy, could increase s-IGF-I and s-IGF-I/s-IGFBP-3 in healthy, prepubertal children. IGF-I levels are positively associated with growth velocity in children and some studies suggest that a high animal PI can stimulate growth. During protein deprivation IGF-I decrease, but it is unknown whether a high PI can increase s-IGF-I in well-nourished children. Design: In all, 24 8-y-old boys were asked to take either 1.5 l of skimmed milk (n ¼ 12) or the same amount of protein as 250 g low fat meat (n ¼ 12) daily for 7 days. The remaining diet they could choose freely. At baseline and after 7 days, anthropometrical variables were measured, diet was registered (3-day weighed records), and s-IGF-I and s-IGFBP-3 (RIA) were determined after fast. Results: PI increased by 61% in the milk group to 4.0 g/kg/day (Po0.0001) and by 54% in the meat group to 3.8 g/kg/day (P ¼ 0.001). The high milk intake increased s-IGF-I by 19% (P ¼ 0.001) and s-IGF-I/s-IGFBP-3 by 13% (Po0.0001). There were no increases in the meat group. Conclusions: High intake of milk and not meat, increased concentrations of s-IGF-I and s-IGF-I/s-IGFBP-3 significantly. Compounds in milk and not a high PI as such seem to stimulate IGF-I. This might explain the positive effect of milk intake on growth seen in some studies.

show abstract

“…Writing of London's East End in 1903, Jack London declared, "As a vagrant in the "Hobo" of a California jail, I have been served better food and drink than the London workman receives in his coffee-houses; while as an American labourer I have eaten a breakfast for twelvepence such as the British labourer would not dream of eating." During the 1930s there was concern that 18-50% of surveyed British manual and even artisanal worker families did not have the resources to maintain a healthy diet (Rowntree and Lavers 1951;Crawford and Broadley 1938;Orr 1937) and an experiment with the diets of school children in Scotland in the 1920s led to those receiving a milk supplement to grow 20% more than either the control group or those receiving a biscuit supplement (Orr 1928;Leighton and Clark 1929).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and the Economy in the United States, from 1750 to the Present

Costa¹

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

I discuss the health transition in the United States, bringing new data to bear on health indicators, and investigating the changing relationship between health, income, and the environment. I argue that scientific advances played an outsize role and that health improvements were largest among the poor. Health improvements were not a precondition for modern economic growth. The gains to health are largest when the economy has moved from "brawn" to "brains" because this is when the wage returns to education are high, leading the healthy to obtain more education. More education may improve use of health knowledge, producing a virtuous cycle.

show abstract

Milk Consumption and the Growth of School-Children.

Cited by 94 publications

References 0 publications

Childhood diet and insulin-like growth factors in adulthood: 65-year follow-up of the Boyd Orr Cohort

Childhood diet and insulin-like growth factors in adulthood: 65-year follow-up of the Boyd Orr Cohort

High intakes of skimmed milk, but not meat, increase serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in eight-year-old boys

Health and the Economy in the United States, from 1750 to the Present

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About