Mild cognitive impairment and its management in&amp;nbsp;older people

Eshkoor, Sima Ataollahi; Hamid, Tengku Aizan; Chan, Yoke Mun; Ng, Chee Kyun

doi:10.2147/cia.s73922

Cited by 266 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…premature death)(Bennett et al, 2002; Contador et al, 2014; Sachs et al, 2011). Recognition of these consequences has led to a growing awareness of the need to treat MCI among older adults (Eshkoor et al, 2015; Langa and Levine, 2014). …”

Section: Collateral Health Risks Among Older Adults With Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension and aging

Buford

2016

Ageing Research Reviews

374

261

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Hypertension is a highly prevalent condition with numerous health risks, and the incidence of hypertension is greatest among older adults. Traditional discussions of hypertension have largely focused on the risks for cardiovascular disease and associated events. However, there are a number of collateral effects, including risks for dementia, physical disability, and falls/fractures which are increasingly garnering attention in the hypertension literature. Several key mechanisms – including inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction – are common to biologic aging and hypertension development and appear to have key mechanistic roles in the development of the cardiovascular and collateral risks of late-life hypertension. The objective of the present review is to highlight the multi-dimensional risks of hypertension among older adults and discuss potential strategies for treatment and future areas of research for improving overall care for older adults with hypertension.

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Section: Collateral Health Risks Among Older Adults With Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension and aging

Buford

2016

Ageing Research Reviews

374

261

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“…In older populations, chronic diseases, including dementia and mild cognitive impairment, and comorbidity are common [2, 3]. Polypharmacy is common among older people with multiple chronic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inappropriate Prescription and Renal Function Among Older Patients with Cognitive Impairment

2016

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BackgroundOlder people are more sensitive to drugs and adverse drug reactions than younger people because of age-related physiological changes such as impaired renal function. As people with dementia are particularly vulnerable to the effects of drugs, it is especially important to evaluate the dosages of renally cleared medications in this group.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of impaired renal function and inappropriate prescriptions on the basis of renal function among older patients with dementia or cognitive impairment.MethodsThe medical records of 428 patients aged ≥65 years who were admitted to two hospitals in northern Sweden were reviewed and renally cleared medications were identified. The Cockcroft–Gault equation was used to evaluate renal function. Doses were evaluated according to the Geriatric Dosage Handbook.ResultsRenal function was impaired (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min) in 65.4 % of the study population. Impaired renal function was associated with increasing age. Among 547 prescriptions identified as renally cleared medications, 9.1 % were inappropriate based on the patient’s renal function; 13.5 % of the 326 patients prescribed renally cleared medications had inappropriate prescriptions. Inappropriate prescriptions were more common among patients living in nursing homes.ConclusionsImpaired renal function is common and inappropriate prescription is prevalent among old people with cognitive impairment in northern Sweden. Continuous consideration of renal function is important when prescribing medications to this group.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s40266-016-0408-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Half of patients with MCI have an increased risk of developing dementia in 5 years with an estimated annual conversion rate of 10-15%. 14 On the other hand, up to 44% of patients with MCI at their first visit are estimated to return to normal after a year. 15 Several screening tools are available for detecting cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Assessment Of Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment among Elderly Filipinos with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Blanquisco

Abejero

et al. 2017

JAFES

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Objectives. This study aims to identify factors associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among elderly Filipinos with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methodology. This is an analytic cross-sectional study involving 133 elderly (≥60 years old) with Type 2 diabetes mellitus consecutively sampled from the General Medicine and Diabetes Clinics of the Philippine General Hospital. Eligible subjects were interviewed to gather demographic and clinical data. Body mass index, waist-hip ratio and mean blood pressure were computed. HBA1c, lipid profile, creatinine and urine proteinuria were tested or recorded if done recently. Dilated fundus examination via indirect ophthalmoscopy and 10-gram monofilament test were performed to detect retinopathy and neuropathy. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Philippines tool was administered to detect patients with probable MCI using a cutoff score of ≤21. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the associated factors.Results. Using MoCA-P tool, MCI has a rate of 45% among elderly Filipino diabetics. Having more than 12 years of education is significantly associated with lower odds of MCI. (OR 0.38 CI 0.18, 0.80, p value 0.010).Conclusion. The rate of MCI among Filipino elderly diabetics is high. Higher education is associated with lower odds of having MCI. Case-control or prospective cohort studies involving larger sample and non-diabetic population are recommended.

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Mild cognitive impairment and its management in older people

Cited by 266 publications

References 44 publications

Hypertension and aging

Hypertension and aging

Inappropriate Prescription and Renal Function Among Older Patients with Cognitive Impairment

Factors Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment among Elderly Filipinos with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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