Migration: From Social Inclusion To Successful Integration

Abstract

This article discusses the theoretical concepts of social inclusion and integration, topic, which have received new attention with the recent rise in international migration. According to the UN, "Social inclusion and integration are a key goal for social development", and a clearer understanding of these concepts can contribute to building better migrant programs. Here the authors develop a theoretical model based on empirical research conducting in Norway that reflects the relationship between social inclusion and integration, discuss the factors that affect these two processes, highlight the importance of the independent choice of the person in the two processes, rather than considering just the one side of society helping migrants. The authors conclude by describing possibilities for subsequent future empirical studies in this framework that can improve migrant outcomes. The article is exploring the origins and the definitions of social inclusion and integration to distinguish these concepts. Currently in science, there are many definitions of social inclusion. But it is still clear that the existing literature does not address the number of questions: what, if any, are the individual's "obligations" when it comes to social inclusion? Are there different types of social inclusion? What are the main factors that affect the transformation processes from social inclusion to integration? The aim of this paper is to distinguish between social inclusion and integration focusing initially on origins and definitions of concepts and then its measurement. The authors used the semi-structure interview to explore the life experience of immigrants, studying and living in Norway.

Adaptation or acculturation: that is the question

“…Besides, it was revealed that immigrants, living in Canada, who have chosen integration setting, least of all suffered from acculturation stress. At the same time those, who have chosen marginalization, most of all suffer from acculturation stress; those, who have chosen separation, suffer from acculturation stress less than those, who have chosen marginalization, but more than those, who have chosen integration [4], and as the result successefull integration [12]. The results of ICSEY cross-cultural survey, participants of which were teenage immigrants from 13 countries and four continents [5], confirmed these data.…”