MidgEmerge, a new predictive tool, indicates the presence of multiple emergence phenotypes of the overwintered generation of swede midge

Hallett, Rebecca H.; Goodfellow, Sheila A.; Weiss, R.M.; Olfert, O.

doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.2008.00793.x

Cited by 29 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Swede midge traps have been deployed along the US-Canadian border to determine the geographical range of this invasive insect. A combination of a predictive model with pheromone traps accurately assesses and times control strategies (Hallett et al 2009). …”

Section: Practical Use Of Pheromone-baited Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Pheromones and Their Impact on Pest Management

Witzgall¹,

Kirsch²,

2010

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The idea of using species-specific behavior-modifying chemicals for the management of noxious insects in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, stored products, and for insect vectors of diseases has been a driving ambition through five decades of pheromone research. Hundreds of pheromones and other semiochemicals have been discovered that are used to monitor the presence and abundance of insects and to protect plants and animals against insects. The estimated annual production of lures for monitoring and mass trapping is on the order of tens of millions, covering at least 10 million hectares. Insect populations are controlled by air permeation and attract-and-kill techniques on at least 1 million hectares. Here, we review the most important and widespread practical applications. Pheromones are increasingly efficient at low population densities, they do not adversely affect natural enemies, and they can, therefore, bring about a long-term reduction in insect populations that cannot be accomplished with conventional insecticides. A changing climate with higher growing season temperatures and altered rainfall patterns makes control of native and invasive insects an increasingly urgent challenge. Intensified insecticide use will not provide a solution, but pheromones and other semiochemicals instead can be implemented for sustainable area-wide management and will thus improve food security for a growing population. Given the scale of the challenges we face to mitigate the impacts of climate change, the time is right to intensify goal-oriented interdisciplinary research on semiochemicals, involving chemists, entomologists, and plant protection experts, in order to provide the urgently needed, and cost-effective technical solutions for sustainable insect management worldwide.

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Section: Practical Use Of Pheromone-baited Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Pheromones and Their Impact on Pest Management

Witzgall¹,

Kirsch²,

2010

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“…Insecticide applications in these trials were based on a calendar schedule; timing of insecticide applications according to pheromone trap captures of C. nasturtii may have improved efÞ-cacy. However at locations with high populations, there are usually no adult midge-free time periods from late June to early September (Hallett 2007, Hallett et al 2009). Larvae are protected between compressed leaves and/or within swollen petioles and ßorets; thus, systemic activity, spray penetration and coverage may be also be important factors in the occurrence of failures to control C. nasturtii damage in the Þeld, and may explain the dramatic increase in damage ratings that often occurs in late July, particularly in broccoli Þeld trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ontario, there seem to be two emergence phenotypes of C. nasturtii, each with four generations per year (Hallett et al 2009). The Þrst spring ßights of adults occur in mid to late May, and the last adult ßights in late September to early October.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Insecticide Management Strategies for Control of Swede Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Cole Crops

Hallett¹,

Chen²,

Sears³

et al. 2009

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Insecticide field trials were conducted in Ontario, Canada, and New York state to identify insecticides effective against the swede midge, Contarinia nasturtii Kieffer (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a new invasive pest in North America. Field trials indicated that foliar applications of lambda-cyhalothrin, permethrin, acetamiprid, chlorpyrifos, and dimethoate could provide control of C. nasturtii. Foliar insecticide applications were effective in keeping damage within marketable limits in all cabbage and some broccoli trials during the early phase of regional colonization by C. nasturtii (2001-2002). However by 2005-2006, treatments were rarely able to maintain damage levels within marketable limits. Low efficacy suggested the possibility of insecticide resistance in Canadian C. nasturtii populations, but laboratory assays revealed no evidence for resistance. Thus, eventual control failures on a season-long basis were apparently due to very high populations during later phases of colonization in Ontario. Early season applications (e.g., seed treatments, greenhouse plug tray drenches and/or band sprays) of neonicotinoid insecticides proved effective for 3-5 wk after transplanting in New York. These early season treatments would require supplemental control with foliar insecticides, but would reduce the number of foliar applications required and thus reduce insecticide usage. Our results suggest that acceptable control with foliar insecticides will be difficult where C. nasturtii populations are high, because of multiple and overlapping generations, and difficulty in achieving adequate spray coverage. An integrated pest management program that uses cultural control methods and host plant resistance, with judicious use of insecticides, is needed for sustainable management of this newly invasive pest.

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“…In Ontario and Quebec, Canada, where Swede midge were Þrst detected and remain the locations in North America where they are most abundant, adults (1.5Ð2 mm) emerge in mid-to late May, after overwintering in the soil in larval cocoons (Hallett et al , 2009bCorlay and Boivin 2008). Mating occurs soon after emergence and females then begin to look for suitable hosts.…”

Section: Swede Midge Description and Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 98%

“…In Quebec, three to four generations of Swede midge were detected in (Corlay and Boivin 2008. Based on MidgEmerge, a new predictive model developed using DYMEX and Ontario and Quebec data on Swede midge adults and larvae, Hallett et al (2009b) determined that currently there are four overlapping generations of Swede midge per year and two emergence phenotypes in North America with the last adult ßights occurring in late September to early October.…”

Section: Swede Midge Description and Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Swede Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Ten Years of Invasion of Crucifer Crops in North America

Chen¹,

Shelton²,

Hallett³

et al. 2011

jnl. econ. entom.

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The Swede midge, Contarinia nasturtii Kieffer (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a common insect pest in Europe, is a newly invasive pest in North America that constitutes a major threat to cruciferous vegetable and field crops. Since its first identification in Ontario, Canada, in 2000, it has rapidly spread to 65 counties in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec and has recently been found in canola (one of two cultivars of rapeseed, Brassica napus L. and Brassica campestris L.) in the central Prairie region where the majority of Canada's 6.5 million ha (16 million acres) of canola is grown. The first detection of Swede midge in the United States was in 2004 in New York cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.), but it has now been found in four additional states. Here, we review the biology of Swede midge, its host plant range, distribution, economic impact, pest status, and management strategies. We provide insight into this insect's future potential to become an endemic pest of brassica crops in North America. We also proposed research needed to develop tactics for handling this invasive pest in brassica crops.

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MidgEmerge, a new predictive tool, indicates the presence of multiple emergence phenotypes of the overwintered generation of swede midge

Cited by 29 publications

References 18 publications

Sex Pheromones and Their Impact on Pest Management

Sex Pheromones and Their Impact on Pest Management

Insecticide Management Strategies for Control of Swede Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Cole Crops

Swede Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Ten Years of Invasion of Crucifer Crops in North America

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