Middle-Late Triassic insect radiation revealed by diverse fossils and isotopic ages from China

Zheng, Daran; Chang, Shaohua; Wang, He; Fang, Yan; Wang, Jun; Feng, Chongqing; Xie, Guiqing; Jarzembowski, Edmund A.; Zhang, Haichun; Wang, Bo

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aat1380

Cited by 61 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…A Tongchuan Elateriformia sample from Triassic China, a taxon not formally described as of yet, deserves to be mentioned [ 31 ]. It has been listed as belonging to Elateriformia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Clicking Elateroidea from Chinese Mesozoic Deposits (Insecta, Coleoptera)

Muona

Chang²,

Ren

2020

Insects

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Recent molecular studies have suggested that the clicking beetle families Elateridae, Eucnemidae, Throscidae, and Cerophytidae evolved in the Jurassic and diversified in the Cretaceous. These studies paid little attention to fossils, using them only as dating tools. The identification of Elateridae fossils is challenging, as external synapomorphies are not known for this family. Elateridae can be identified only as something not belonging to the other related families, all of which have diagnostic synapomorphies. Most subfamilies and tribes of Elateridae do possess definite diagnostic characters, however, making their identification feasible. We checked the 28 Elateridae described from Chinese Mesozoic deposits. Twelve were Elateridae, seven were Eucnemidae, and one was a Throscidae. Three species could be Eucnemidae, but showed aberrant characters. Five species could not be placed and may not belong to Elateroidea at all. On the basis of these results we suggest that all previously described Elateridae fossils should be re-checked. They should be searched for synapomorphies defining Eucnemidae, Throscidae, and Cerophytidae. If such characters are not present, a click beetle type of fossil can be placed in Elateroidae incertae sedis. The Mesozoic Chinese Elateridae fossils all belong to clades that do not exist today, whereas the Mesozoic Eucnemidae subfamilies are extant ones. This may be the source of the disagreement between Elateridae fossil age and datings based on molecular studies. One new combination was made: Desmatus ponomarenkoi (Chang, Kiretjshuk & Ren, 2009) NEW COMBINATION (= Paradesmatus ponomarenkoi Chang, Kirejtshuk & Ren, 2009).

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“…A Tongchuan Elateriformia sample from Triassic China, a taxon not formally described as of yet, deserves to be mentioned [ 31 ]. It has been listed as belonging to Elateriformia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Clicking Elateroidea from Chinese Mesozoic Deposits (Insecta, Coleoptera)

Muona

Chang²,

Ren

2020

Insects

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“…In addition, the fossil ( Shurabella lepyroniopsis , 180 Ma) used in the study of Johnson et al. () for calibrating the node of Nepomorpha is definitively not the oldest known Corixoidea (Zheng et al., ). Due to these differences, the timescale cladogram of Nepomorpha derived by Johnson et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny and diversification of the true water bugs (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha)

Damgaard

Yang

et al. 2019

Cladistics

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Climate fluctuations and tectonic reconfigurations associated with environmental changes play large roles in determining patterns of adaptation and diversification, but studies documenting how such drivers have shaped the evolutionary history and diversification dynamics of limnic organisms during the Mesozoic are scarce. Members of the heteropteran infraorder Nepomorpha, or aquatic bugs, are ideal for testing the effects of these determinants on their diversification pulses because most species are confined to aquatic environments during their entire life. The group has a relatively mature taxonomy and is well represented in the fossil record. We investigated the evolution of Nepomorpha based on phylogenetic analyses of morphological and molecular characters sampled from 115 taxa representing all 13 families and approximately 40% of recognized genera. Our results were largely congruent with the phylogenetic relationships inferred from morphology. A divergence dating analysis indicated that Nepomorpha began to diversify in the late Permian (approximately 263 Ma), and diversification analyses suggested that palaeoecological opportunities probably promoted lineage diversification in this group.

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“…For many years, the oldest known † Folindusia have been five ichnospecies from the Middle Jurassic [127]. A recent report cited unnamed † Folindusia species from the Middle Triassic-Late Ladinian Age, 238–237 Ma [128]. Fossil caddisfly cases reported from Early Permian marine deposits [129] are inconsistent with that fossil record and known caddisfly biology and have been dismissed as probable work of worms [128].…”

Section: Evolution Of Diversity and Ecosystem Services In Trichopteramentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Ecosystem Services of Trichoptera

Morse

Frandsen

Graf

et al. 2019

Insects

102

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The holometabolous insect order Trichoptera (caddisflies) includes more known species than all of the other primarily aquatic orders of insects combined. They are distributed unevenly; with the greatest number and density occurring in the Oriental Biogeographic Region and the smallest in the East Palearctic. Ecosystem services provided by Trichoptera are also very diverse and include their essential roles in food webs, in biological monitoring of water quality, as food for fish and other predators (many of which are of human concern), and as engineers that stabilize gravel bed sediment. They are especially important in capturing and using a wide variety of nutrients in many forms, transforming them for use by other organisms in freshwaters and surrounding riparian areas. The general pattern of evolution for trichopteran families is becoming clearer as more genes from more taxa are sequenced and as morphological characters are becoming understood in greater detail. This increasingly credible phylogeny provides a foundation for interpreting and hypothesizing the functional traits of this diverse order of freshwater organisms and for understanding the richness of the ecological services corresponding with those traits. Our research also is gaining insight into the timing of evolutionary diversification in the order. Correlations for the use of angiosperm plant material as food and case construction material by the earliest ancestors of infraorder Plenitentoria—by at least 175 Ma—may provide insight into the timing of the origin of angiosperms.

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Middle-Late Triassic insect radiation revealed by diverse fossils and isotopic ages from China

Abstract: Chinese fossils reveal a Triassic insect radiation.

Cited by 61 publications

References 58 publications

The Clicking Elateroidea from Chinese Mesozoic Deposits (Insecta, Coleoptera)

The Clicking Elateroidea from Chinese Mesozoic Deposits (Insecta, Coleoptera)

Phylogeny and diversification of the true water bugs (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha)

Diversity and Ecosystem Services of Trichoptera

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