Mid-infrared feed-forward dual-comb spectroscopy

Chen, Zaijun; Hänsch, Theodor W.; Picqué, N.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1819082116

Cited by 59 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…Our approach combines fiber laser combs technology with nanophotonic integrated devices, each in itself a well established technology, yet it exhibits a performance competitive to DFG-based dual-comb spectrometers, which is amiable for applications outside the protected laboratory environment. In addition, this approach can benefit from superior laser stabilization methods, e.g., adaptive laser stabilization [60], frequency alignment [61], or feed forward locking [18,62]. At the moment, the long wavelength edge of our spectrometer is limited to 4000 nm (2500 cm −1 ), which is mostly as a result of the SiO 2 cladding of our Si 3 N 4 waveguides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also well known for accessing a broad spectral range yet maintaining a high sensitivity comparable with traditional spectroscopic approaches such as wavelength or frequency modulation spectroscopy [9,10]. DCS has today seen significant advances [11] and has also been successfully applied to an increasing portion of the mid-IR spectrum using a number of mid-IR comb sources [12], including quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) [13], microresonator Kerr frequency combs [14], difference frequency generation (DFG) [15][16][17][18], cascaded quadratic nonlinear process [19][20][21][22][23], and optical parametric oscillators (OPO) [24][25][26][27]. Yet to date, generating phase locked mid-IR frequency combs that exhibit high brightness, broad bandwidth, and fine resolution remains challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanophotonic supercontinuum-based mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy

Guo¹,

Weng²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

Optica

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High resolution and fast detection of molecular vibrational absorption is important for organic synthesis, pharmaceutical processes, and environmental monitoring, and is enabled by mid-infrared (mid-IR) laser frequency combs via dual-comb spectroscopy. Here, we demonstrate a novel and highly simplified approach to broadband mid-IR dual-comb spectroscopy via supercontinuum generation, achieved using unprecedented nanophotonic dispersion engineering that allows for ultra-broadband and flat-envelope mid-IR frequency combs. Our mid-IR dual-comb spectrometer has an instantaneous bandwidth covering the functional group region from 2800-3600 cm −1 , comprising more than 100,000 comb lines, enabling parallel gas-phase detection with a high sensitivity, sub-Doppler spectral resolution, and a high speed. In addition to the traditional functional groups, their isotopologues are also resolved in this supercontinuum-based dual-comb spectroscopy. Our approach combines well established fiber laser combs, digital coherent data averaging, and integrated nonlinear photonics, each in itself a state-of-the-art technology, signaling the emergence of mid-IR dual-comb spectroscopy for use outside of the protected laboratory environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophotonic supercontinuum-based mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy

Guo¹,

Weng²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

Optica

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“…For instance, during the time of the measurement, the two combs must be kept coherent. With fiber-doped mode-locked laser systems, this has been experimentally achieved by locking the two combs to common continuous-wave lasers of very narrow line-widths [57] or by feed-forward control of the relative carrier-envelope offset [58,59]. Long coherence times have not yet been experimentally demonstrated with on-chip combs, as the technology is still emerging.…”

Section: Figure1 (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

On-chip mid-infrared and THz frequency combs for spectroscopy

Scalari

Faist

Picqué

2019

Applied Physics Letters

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Frequency combs, spectra of phase-coherent equidistant lines often generated by mode-locked femtosecond lasers, have revolutionized time and frequency metrology [1,2]. In recent years, new frequency comb lasers, of a high compactness or even on-chip, have been demonstrated in the mid-infrared and THz regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. They include electrically pumped quantum cascade and interband cascade semiconductor devices, as well as highquality factor microresonators. These new comb generators open up novel opportunities for spectroscopy of molecular fingerprints over broad spectral bandwidths: their small form-factor promises chip-scale spectrometers, while their large line spacing simplifies the resolution of the individual comb lines with simple spectrometers and provides short measurement times, with an intriguing potential for time-resolved spectroscopy in the condensed phase. This Letter summarizes the recent advances in this rapidly developing domain of on-chip combs for broadband spectroscopy and discusses some of the challenges and prospects. While some review articles already provide a perspective into some aspects of chip-based frequency comb generators [3][4][5], of mid-infrared frequency comb synthesizers [6] and of the applications of frequency combs to spectroscopy [7], the growing and rapidly advancing interest in molecular sensing using quantum cascade and microresonator-based on-chip frequency combs motivates this Letter.

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“…Dual-comb spectroscopy could surpass conventional broadband spectroscopy for a wide range of applications as frequency comb technology progresses. There are other references [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ] introducing different dual-comb spectroscopy techniques and applications in different fields, such as atmosphere monitoring, combustion, and biomedical studies. Here, we focus on dual-comb spectroscopy based on quantum cascade laser frequency combs (QCL-FC) due to their wide spectral coverage, high spectral resolution, fast time response, and a compact construction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QCL-Based Dual-Comb Spectrometer for Multi-Species Measurements at High Temperatures and High Pressures

Zhang

Horvath²,

Liu

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Rapid multi-species sensing is an overarching goal in time-resolved studies of chemical kinetics. Most current laser sources cannot achieve this goal due to their narrow spectral coverage and/or slow wavelength scanning. In this work, a novel mid-IR dual-comb spectrometer is utilized for chemical kinetic investigations. The spectrometer is based on two quantum cascade laser frequency combs and provides rapid (4 µs) measurements over a wide spectral range (~1175–1235 cm−1). Here, the spectrometer was applied to make time-resolved absorption measurements of methane, acetone, propene, and propyne at high temperatures (>1000 K) and high pressures (>5 bar) in a shock tube. Such a spectrometer will be of high value in chemical kinetic studies of future fuels.

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Mid-infrared feed-forward dual-comb spectroscopy

Cited by 59 publications

References 46 publications

Nanophotonic supercontinuum-based mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy

Nanophotonic supercontinuum-based mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy

On-chip mid-infrared and THz frequency combs for spectroscopy

QCL-Based Dual-Comb Spectrometer for Multi-Species Measurements at High Temperatures and High Pressures

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