Mid-infrared dual frequency comb spectroscopy based on fiber lasers for the detection of methane in ambient air

Zhu, Feng; Bicer, Aysenur; Askar, R; Bounds, James; Kolomenskii, A.A.; Kelessides, V; Amani, Mahmood; Schuessler, H. A.

doi:10.1088/1612-2011/12/9/095701

Cited by 65 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…On the other hand, though ultrasensitive absorption DCS for gas‐phase samples has been demonstrated with high‐finesse cavities, hollow‐core fibers, multi‐pass cells, or by using mid‐ and far‐infrared combs directly interrogating fundamental molecular ro‐vibrational transitions, surface‐enhanced DCS, with orders of magnitude sensitivity improvements, has not been previously introduced. Thus, our work highlights new opportunities for the field of DCS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface‐Enhanced Dual‐Comb Coherent Raman Spectroscopy with Nanoporous Gold Films

Yan

Zhang

Hao

et al. 2018

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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With two asynchronous frequency combs beating on a single detector, dual‐comb spectroscopy (DCS) enables rapid, broadband, and precise molecular fingerprinting on a comb tooth‐by‐tooth basis and thus holds much promise in molecular sensing. Sensitivity, however, has been an Achilles’ heel of this technique. Here, an approach for ultrasensitive nonlinear DCS based on plasmon‐enhanced coherent Raman spectroscopy (CRS) with ultrathin (100 nm) nanoporous gold films is presented. A high‐resolution (<8 cm−1) Raman spectrum is obtained within 32.8 µs for characterizing low‐density chemicals. The achieved sensitivity enhancement reaches ≈106–8 relative to nonenhanced dual‐comb CRS of liquid samples. The demonstrated approach may open up a new avenue for fast identification of trace amounts of chemicals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface‐Enhanced Dual‐Comb Coherent Raman Spectroscopy with Nanoporous Gold Films

Yan

Zhang

Hao

et al. 2018

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…Light from the pump and signal branches is combined on a dichroic mirror and focused into a PPLN crystal using an off-axis paraboloid mirror. We have used both a bulk PPLN crystal 1 mm in length [14,17,19,26,27] and a chirped PPLN waveguide. The chirped waveguide PPLN generates a structured but broad spectrum with an instantaneous bandwidth exceeding 1600 cm -1 .…”

Section: Experimental Setup Optical Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-coherence mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy spanning 2.6 to 5.2 μm

Ycas¹,

Giorgetta²,

Baumann³

et al. 2018

Nature Photon

290

164

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Mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy has the potential to supplant conventional high-resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy in applications that require high resolution, accuracy, signal-to-noise ratio, and speed. Until now, dual-comb spectroscopy in the mid-infrared has been limited to narrow optical bandwidths or to low signal-to-noise ratios. Using a combination of digital signal processing and broadband frequency conversion in waveguides, we demonstrate a midinfrared dual-comb spectrometer that can measure comb-tooth resolved spectra across an octave of bandwidth in the mid-infrared from 2.6-5.2 µm with sub-MHz frequency precision and accuracy and with a spectral signal-to-noise ratio as high as 6500. As a demonstration, we measure the highly structured, broadband cross-section of propane (C3H8) in the 2860-3020 cm -1 region, the complex phase/amplitude spectrum of carbonyl sulfide (COS) in the 2000 to 2100 cm -1 region, and the complex spectra of methane, acetylene, and ethane in the 2860-3400 cm -1 region.Mid-infrared spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the multispecies detection of trace gases with applications ranging from the detection of hazardous materials, to environmental monitoring and industrial monitoring. Compared to the near-infrared, where laser sources are more plentiful, the techniques for measuring mid-infrared spectra are more limited. Mid-infrared spectra are most commonly acquired by Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTS), which provides accurate and high resolution spectra but requires a scanning delay arm and blackbody source leading to large instruments and long acquisition times. Dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) is a high-performance alternative to conventional FTS providing high resolution, absolute frequency accuracy, fast acquisition times, long interaction lengths, broad bandwidth coverage, and high signal-to-noise ratio [1,2]. The advantages of speed and long path length are of particular relevance to non-laboratory applications, for example in open-path atmospheric monitoring or industrial process monitoring [3][4][5][6]. However, up until now, DCS has only been demonstrated with its full panoply of advantages in the near-infrared, from ~ 1 to 2 µm [7-10]. The near-infrared has much more limited applications compared to the mid-infrared since molecular crosssections are typically 1000 times weaker, if they exist at all. DCS in the mid-infrared has indeed been actively pursued [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], yet it is not competitive with high-resolution conventional FTS, limited by the coherence and/or the bandwidth of mid-infrared comb sources.Quantitative broadband mid-infrared DCS requires addressing strong overlapping requirements on the underlying mid-infrared frequency combs: they must produce broad and relatively flat optical spectra while maintaining mutual coherence over the measurement time. Without coherence, adjacent comb teeth blend together, sacrificing orders of magnitude in spectral resolution and obscuring both the frequency and amplit...

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“…Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTS) can be implemented either with a mechanical interferometer [3,[7][8][9][10][11] or using the dual-comb technique [4,12,13]. Both approaches enable measurements with frequency resolution and precision provided by the comb with no influence of the instrumental line shape and are suitable for broadband precision spectroscopy [4,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid-infrared continuous-filtering Vernier spectroscopy using a doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator

et al. 2017

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We present a continuous-filtering Vernier spectrometer operating in the 3.15-3.4 µm range, based on a femtosecond doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator, a cavity with a finesse of 340, a grating mounted on a galvo scanner and two photodiodes. The spectrometer allows acquisition of one spectrum spanning 250 nm of bandwidth in 25 ms with 8 GHz resolution, sufficient for resolving molecular lines at atmospheric pressure. An active lock ensures good frequency and intensity stability of the consecutive spectra and enables continuous signal acquisition and efficient averaging. The relative frequency scale is calibrated using a Fabry-Perot etalon or, alternatively, the galvo scanner position signal. We measure spectra of pure CH 4 as well as dry and laboratory air and extract CH 4 and H 2 O concentrations by multiline fitting of model spectra. The figure of merit of the spectrometer is 1.7×10 −9 cm −1 Hz −1/2 per spectral element and the minimum detectable concentration of CH 4 is 360 ppt Hz -1/2 , averaging down to 90 ppt after 16 s.

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Mid-infrared dual frequency comb spectroscopy based on fiber lasers for the detection of methane in ambient air

Cited by 65 publications

References 18 publications

Surface‐Enhanced Dual‐Comb Coherent Raman Spectroscopy with Nanoporous Gold Films

Surface‐Enhanced Dual‐Comb Coherent Raman Spectroscopy with Nanoporous Gold Films

High-coherence mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy spanning 2.6 to 5.2 μm

Mid-infrared continuous-filtering Vernier spectroscopy using a doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator

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