Microwave formation and photoluminescence mechanisms of multi-states nitrogen doped carbon dots

He, Guiqin; Shu, Mengjun; Liu, Yang; Ma, Yujie; Huang, Dan; Xu, Shusheng; Wang, Yanfang; Hu, Nantao; Zhang, Yafei; Lin, Xu

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.05.036

Cited by 71 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The C1 sample was also accompanied by the appearance of new bands (C–O–C stretching) at 1129.3 cm −1 and 1060.0 cm −1 as well as C–H stretching with spectrum between 2850–3000 cm −1 . The presence of asymmetric stretching vibrations of C–O–C could be a sign of more complete intermolecular dehydration and polymerisation that only took place at higher temperature, as reported in other literature 32 . Since DEG has higher boiling point than water, it allowed a more complete reaction for the formation of CDs.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Past literature suggested that simple molecules such as acetylacetone could react with nitrogen functional group compounds (e.g. ammonia) to form amide-rich organic precursors 32 . These amide-rich organic precursors were then hydrolyzed and carbonized to form carbon core with surface modified with a large number of nitrogen-containing functional groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These showed that CDs synthesised from natural compounds or biomass are as competent as CDs fabricated from other sources. However, the simple synthesis (using water as the reaction medium) of CDs from biomass wastes tend to have low quantum yield due to incomplete carbonisation and the precursors lack functional groups (sulfur or nitrogen atom) for better luminescence property 20,[29][30][31][32][33][34] .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Microwave-assisted conversion of palm kernel shell biomass waste to photoluminescent carbon dots

Ang

Mee

Sambudi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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In the present work, palm kernel shell (PKS) biomass waste has been used as a low-cost and easily available precursor to prepare carbon dots (CDs) via microwave irradiation method. The impacts of the reacting medium: water and diethylene glycol (DEG), and irradiation period, as well as the presence of chitosan on the CDs properties, have been investigated. The synthesized CDs were characterized by several physical and optical analyses. The performance of the CDs in terms of bacteria cell imaging and copper (II) ions sensing and removal were also explored. All the CDs possessed a size of 6–7 nm in diameter and the presence of hydroxyl and alkene functional groups indicated the successful transformation of PKS into CDs with carbon core consisting of C = C elementary unit. The highest quantum yield (44.0%) obtained was from the CDs synthesised with DEG as the reacting medium at irradiation period of 1 min. It was postulated that the high boiling point of DEG resulted in a complete carbonisation of PKS into CDs. Subsequently, the absorbance intensity and photoluminescence intensity were also much higher compared to other precursor formulation. All the CDs fluoresced in the bacteria culture, and fluorescence quenching occurred in the presence of heavy metal ions. These showed the potential of CDs synthesised from PKS could be used for cellular imaging and detection as well as removal of heavy metal ions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave-assisted conversion of palm kernel shell biomass waste to photoluminescent carbon dots

Ang

Mee

Sambudi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…In recent years, CDs, a superior carbon material, has received tremendous attention due to its unique optical, low photobleaching property, physico‐chemical and photochemical properties, good biocompatibility, low toxicity and easy to synthesize . Until now, many efforts have been introduced to enhance the fluorescence property by tuning the optical property of the synthesized CDs . For this purpose, several doping of heteroatoms in the CDs surface has achieved lots of attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of nitrogen‐ and phosphorous‐doped carbon dots by the pyrolysis method for iodide and iron(III) sensing

et al. 2017

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A facile and novel strategy to synthesize nitrogen- and phosphorous-doped carbon dots (NPCDs) by single step pyrolysis method is described here. Citric acid is used as carbon source and di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate is used as both nitrogen and phosphorous sources, respectively. Through the extensive study on optical properties, morphology and chemical structures of the synthesized NPCDs, it is found that as-synthesized NPCDs exhibited good excitation-dependent luminescence property, spherical morphology and high stability. The obtained NPCDs are stable in aqueous medium and possess a quantum yield of 10.58%. In this work, a new assay method is developed to detect iodide ions using the synthesized NPCDs. Here, the inner filter effect is applied to detect the iodide ion and exhibited a wide linear response concentration range (10-60 μM) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.32 μM. Furthermore, the synthesized NPCDs are used for the selective detection of iron(III) (Fe ) ions and cell imaging. Fe ions sensing assay shows a detection range from 0.2 to 30 μM with a LOD of 72 nM. As an efficient photoluminescence sensor, the developed NPCDs have an excellent biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, allowing Fe ion detection in HeLa cells.

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“…Researchers have been tried to improve the QY of CDs through doping and surface functionalization methods. Doping is an impressive process for adjusting the properties of CDs by introducing atomic impurities including nitrogen (23,24), phosphorus (25), boron (26), fluorine (27), sulfur (28) and zinc into carbon quantum dots (29). Nitrogen is a general dopant owing to atomic size and its five valence electrons comparable to carbon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence Intensity Enhancement of Green Carbon Dots: Synthesis, Characterization and Cell Imaging

Hashemi

Heidari

Mohajeri

et al. 2020

Photochem & Photobiology

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The hydrothermal treatment of green carbon dots (CDs) is an appropriate fluorescent probe synthesis method. CDs are exploited as biological staining agents, especially for cellular detection and imaging. The nitrogen‐doped green carbon dots (N‐CDs) formation can improve the fluorescence intensity property in a one‐step process. Here, we report two N‐CDs from lemon and tomato extraction in the presence of hydroxylamine. Lemon and tomato N‐CDs showed the blue fluorescence under ultraviolet radiation of about 360 nm. The characterization of CDs and N‐CDs showed the presence of N‐H and C–N bonds which enhanced the fluorescence efficiency. The mean size of lemon and tomato N‐CDs were about 2 and 3 nm with an increased quantum yield (QY) of 5% and 3.38%, respectively. The CDs and N‐CDs cytotoxicity assay exhibited high cell viability approximately 85% and 73%, respectively. N‐CDs show superior fluorescent intensity in different solvents and significant stability under long‐time UV irradiation, different PH and high ionic strength. Our results indicated that the use of N‐CDs in cell imaging can lead to fluorescence intensity enhancement as well as proper biocompatibility. Therefore, the safe and high fluorescence intensity of green N‐CDs can be utilized for fluorescent probes in biolabeling and bioimaging applications.

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Microwave formation and photoluminescence mechanisms of multi-states nitrogen doped carbon dots

Cited by 71 publications

References 34 publications

Microwave-assisted conversion of palm kernel shell biomass waste to photoluminescent carbon dots

Microwave-assisted conversion of palm kernel shell biomass waste to photoluminescent carbon dots

Fabrication of nitrogen‐ and phosphorous‐doped carbon dots by the pyrolysis method for iodide and iron(III) sensing

Fluorescence Intensity Enhancement of Green Carbon Dots: Synthesis, Characterization and Cell Imaging

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