Microtubule dynamics and cell diversification in the mouse preimplantation embryo

Maro, Bernard; Houliston, Evelyn; Pennart, H. de

doi:10.1007/bf01349354

Cited by 6 publications

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References 23 publications

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“…Microtu-bules have become the subject of some interest in this regard since they are known to be involved in many cellular processes such as cell division, control of cell shape, and cytoplasmic organization (see De Brabander, 1982); and indeed they play a part in both the main cellular processes described above that are involved in the diversification of the inner cell mass and trophectoderm. Firstly, they are involved in the setting up of asymmetries within cells during compaction Johnson and Maro, 1985;Fleming et al, 1986;Houliston et al, 1987; for review see Maro et al, 1988). Secondly, of course, they form the mitotic spindles of the cleaving embryo, and thus are involved in the asymmetric cell divisions which generate different cell types.…”

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Posttranslational modification of distinct microtubule subpopulations during cell polarization and differentiation in the mouse preimplantation embryo.

Houliston

Maro

1989

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Abstract. During the course of preimplantation development, the cells of the mouse embryo undergo both a major subcellular reorganization (at the time of compaction) and, subsequently, a process of differentiation as the phenotypes of trophectoderm and inner cell mass cell types diverge. We have used antibodies specific for tyrosinated (Kilmartin, J. V., B. Wright, and C. Milstein. 1982. J. Cell Biol. 93:576-582) and acetylated (Piperno, G., and M. T. Fuller. 1985. J. Cell Biol. 101:2085-2094 ot-tubulin in immunofluorescence studies and found that subsets of microtubules can be distinguished within and between cells during the course of these events. Whereas all microtubules contained tyrosinated c~-tubulin, acetylated ot-tubulin was detected only in a subpopulation, located predominantly in the cell cortices. Striking differences developed between the distribution of the two populations during the course of development.Firstly, whereas the microtubule population as a whole tends to redistribute towards the apical domain of cells as they polarize during compaction (Houliston, E., S. J. Pickering, and B. Maro. 1987. J. Cell Biol. 104:1299-1308, the microtubules recognized by the antiacetylated oL-tubulin antibody became enriched in the basal part of the cell cortex. After asymmetric division of polarized cells to generate two distinct cell types (termed inside and outside cells) we found that, despite the relative abundance of microtubules in outside cells, acetylated microtubules accumulated preferentially in inside cells. Treatment with nocodazole demonstrated that within each cell type acetylated microtubules were the more stable ones; however, the difference in composition of the microtubule network between cell types was not accompanied by a greater stability of the microtubule network in inside cells.THOUGH the successive differentiative events of embryonic development depend upon the expression of a genetic program, cellular mechanisms exist that modulate that program and can direct the fate of a cell or of its progeny. During the preimplantation development of the mouse, it has been found that a series of such mechanisms are involved in the diversification of the first two cell types, inner cell mass and trophectoderm. The first is a dramatic cellular polarization which takes place during compaction at the eight-cell stage. At this time the blastomeres flatten upon each other and become polarized both at the surface and in the cytoplasm, such that by the end of the eight-cell stage the organization of the blastomeres has been changed from being radially symmetric to polarized, with the axis of polarity being oriented orthogonal to cell contacts. The second cellular mechanism is one of asymmetric cell division which operates on some of the polarized cells when they divide, and occurs as a consequence of their polarized organization. If the Evelyn Houliston's present address is

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Posttranslational modification of distinct microtubule subpopulations during cell polarization and differentiation in the mouse preimplantation embryo.

Houliston

Maro

1989

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Trophectoderm biogenesis in the preimplantation mouse embryo

Fleming

1992

Epithelial Organization and Development

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Polarizing microscope study of a contractile nanofilament system: the Acantharian myoneme

Pennart

Houliston

Maro

1990

Biology of the Cell

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The distribution of post-translationally modified forms of tubulin has been studied in mouse oocytes arrested in meiotic metaphase II and in interphase eggs after fertilisation. Tyrosinated and acetylated microtubules are present in the meiotic spindle but detyrosinated ones are not. Acetylation only occurs in the most stable subpopulation of microtubules in the spindles ("pole to kinetochore"). After fertilisation, many microtubules of the interphase array become acetylated, but detyrosination occurs only at a very low level.

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Microtubule dynamics and cell diversification in the mouse preimplantation embryo

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Posttranslational modification of distinct microtubule subpopulations during cell polarization and differentiation in the mouse preimplantation embryo.

Posttranslational modification of distinct microtubule subpopulations during cell polarization and differentiation in the mouse preimplantation embryo.

Trophectoderm biogenesis in the preimplantation mouse embryo

Polarizing microscope study of a contractile nanofilament system: the Acantharian myoneme

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