Microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of an Al–Mg–Si alloy produced by equal channel angular pressing

Liu, Manping; Chen, Jian; Lin, Yaojun; Xue, Zhoulei; Roven, Hans Jørgen; Skaret, Pål Christian

doi:10.1016/j.pnsc.2020.07.005

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The elongation percentages are 22% and 21%, respectively. References [42,43] suggest that the strength and toughness of the material are primarily influenced by the interaction between the size and distribution of the β precipitated phase and the dislocations. When Mn and Zr elements are added to the 6061 alloy, and for the case of using a water-cooled copper mold, they promote the presence of high dislocation density and the precipitation of a nanosized β phase [44,45].…”

Section: Tensile Properties and Fracture Morphology Of Al-mg-si(-mnzr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Precipitation Kinetics of Water-Cooled Copper Mold Al-Mg-Si(-Mn, Zr) Alloy during Aging

Shen,

Shi,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Materials

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The aging precipitation behavior of 6061 aluminum alloy that underwent iron casting and water-cooled copper casting and 6061 aluminum with Mn and Zr elements added was studied. Firstly, the hardness curves, tensile properties, and fracture morphology of four aging alloys—6061 (iron mold casting), 6061 (water-cooled copper mold casting), 6061-0.15Mn-0.05Zr (iron mold casting), and 6061-0.15Mn-0.05Zr (water-cooled copper mold casting)—were studied. The results of the aging hardness curve show that the aging precipitated phase of the 6061 alloy cast with a water-cooled copper mold is dispersed. The addition of Mn increases the amount of coarse inclusion α-(AlMnFeSi) in the alloy, resulting in a decrease in the age hardening property. The addition of Zr is related to the nucleation and growth of the G.P. region in the early aging period, mainly changing the formation rate and quantity of the G.P. region, leading to the advancement of peak aging and an increase in hardness. After the G.P. region gradually transforms into the β phase, the hardness of the alloy increases with the increase in the volume fraction of the β phase. When the β″ phase is coarsened to the point where the fault line can be bypassed, the transitional metastable β′ phase begins to precipitate, and the coherent distortion around it weakens, indicating over-aging. Finally, the equilibrium phase Mg2Si is formed. The results of the tensile tests indicate that the tensile strength and yield strength of the 6061-0.15Mn-0.05Zr alloy produced by water-cooled copper casting after aging are 356 Mpa and 230 Mpa, respectively. These values are 80 MPa and 75 MPa higher, respectively, than those of the 6061 aluminum alloy produced via iron casting. However, the elongation is by 5%. The fracture morphology of the tensile sample of the aging alloy shows that dislocation slip in the alloy results in dislocation plugging, stress concentration, and the initiation of crack cleavage on the surface. The fracture of the water-cooled copper mold-casting alloy is a ductile fracture of the microporous aggregation type, and the macroscopic fracture exhibits an obvious “neck shrinkage” phenomenon. The fracture analysis is consistent with the mechanical properties. The DSC curve shows that there is no enrichment process of solute atoms during the heating process, and the aging precipitation process after homogenization is as follows: G.P. zone → β″ phase → β′ phase. The aging precipitation process of the water-cooled copper casting alloy after homogenization treatment is as follows: β″ phase → β′ phase (no precipitation in the G.P. zone was observed). The results of the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis show that the main strengthening phase in the experimental alloy system is the β″ phase. The activation energies for the β″ phase precipitation were calculated and found to be 147 KJ/mol, 217 KJ/mol, 185 KJ/mol, and 235 KJ/mol, respectively. Additionally, a kinetic equation for the β″ phase precipitation during alloy aging was fitted.

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Section: Tensile Properties and Fracture Morphology Of Al-mg-si(-mnzr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Precipitation Kinetics of Water-Cooled Copper Mold Al-Mg-Si(-Mn, Zr) Alloy during Aging

Shen,

Shi,

Zhou

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…The most efficient way to reduce weight is to replace current commonly used metallic materials with lightweight metals such as an Al alloy [1,2]. An Al-Mg-Si alloy has excellent specific strength, formability, extrudability, and surface treatment properties compared with those of other Al alloys, and the demand is continuously increasing in industrial fields [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an Al-Mg-Si alloy, precipitation hardening and grain refinement are used as strengthening mechanisms; however, various attempts have been made to control the microstructure to overcome the limitations of relatively low strength compared with that of major structural materials such as steel [7][8][9]. One of the most effective methods that can be applied to metallic materials to maximize strengthening mechanisms, for example, by a uniform improvement in strength and toughness, is to make ultrafine-grained (UFG) and nanocrystalline (NC) materials via severe plastic deformation (SPD); various processes such as equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) have been applied [5,10,11] to this end.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Severe Plastic Deformation and Aging on Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Al-Mg-Si Alloys

Kim,

Kim

2024

Materials

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Strain-controlled low cycle fatigue (LCF) tests were conducted on conventionally grained (CG) and ultrafine-grained (UFG) Al-Mg-Si alloys treated under various aging conditions. In the cyclic stress response (CSR) curves, CG peak-aged (PA) alloys showed initial cyclic hardening and subsequent saturation, whereas CG over-aged (OA) alloys displayed cyclic softening behavior close to saturation. The UFG materials exhibited continuous cyclic softening except for UFG 3; it originates from the microstructural stability of the UFG materials processed by severe plastic deformation (SPD). Using a strain-based criterion, the LCF behavior and life of the CG and UFG materials were analyzed and evaluated; the results are discussed in terms of strengthening mechanisms and microstructural evolution. In the CG materials, the LCF life changed markedly owing to differences in deformation inhomogeneity depending on the precipitate state. However, the UFG materials displayed a decreasing LCF lifespan as cyclic softening induced by dynamic recovery became more severe; additionally, a relationship between the microstructural stability of the UFG materials and the cyclic strain hardening exponent n′ was suggested.

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Severe Plastic Deformation of Al–Mg–Si Alloys Processed Through Rolling Techniques: A Review

Kumar

2022

Metallogr. Microstruct. Anal.

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Microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of an Al–Mg–Si alloy produced by equal channel angular pressing

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Precipitation Kinetics of Water-Cooled Copper Mold Al-Mg-Si(-Mn, Zr) Alloy during Aging

Precipitation Kinetics of Water-Cooled Copper Mold Al-Mg-Si(-Mn, Zr) Alloy during Aging

Influence of Severe Plastic Deformation and Aging on Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Al-Mg-Si Alloys

Severe Plastic Deformation of Al–Mg–Si Alloys Processed Through Rolling Techniques: A Review

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