Microscopic morphology and elemental composition of atmospheric particles from seven micro-environments in Xi’an

Lu, Yang; Cheng, Yan; Wu, Feng; Chang, Hong; Liu, Song; Wang, Ye Lin; Yu, Chuck Wah; Zhang, Yun Wei

doi:10.1177/1420326x19836621

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Typically, the elemental composition of bacteria consists of C, O, N, and minor traces of P. 39 The elemental compositions of these fungal spores are somewhat similar to those from the Amazon rainforest, 4,40 biological particles collected during agricultural activities, 38 and biological particles collected in suburban and indoor environments. 41 Several other types of biological particles were observed (carbonaceous and often presence of K), but their morphology was not similar to that of spores, bacteria, or plant fragments.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microanalysis of Primary Biological Particles from Model Grass over Its Life Cycle

China

Veghte

Ahkami

et al. 2020

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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This review examines the detailed chemical insights that have been generated through 150 years of work worldwide on magnesium-based inorganic cements, with a focus on both scientific and patent literature. Magnesium carbonate, phosphate, silicate-hydrate, and oxysalt (both chloride and sulfate) cements are all assessed. Many such cements are ideally suited to specialist applications in precast construction, road repair, and other fields including nuclear waste immobilization. The majority of MgO-based cements are more costly to produce than Portland cement because of the relatively high cost of reactive sources of MgO and do not have a sufficiently high internal pH to passivate mild steel reinforcing bars. This precludes MgO-based cements from providing a large-scale replacement for Portland cement in the production of steel-reinforced concretes for civil engineering applications, despite the potential for CO 2 emissions reductions offered by some such systems. Nonetheless, in uses that do not require steel reinforcement, and in locations where the MgO can be sourced at a competitive price, a detailed understanding of these systems enables their specification, design, and selection as advanced engineering materials with a strongly defined chemical basis. CONTENTS 1. Introduction 4170 1.1. Cements Based on MgO 4171 1.2. Magnesia Production 4171 2. Magnesium Carbonate and Reactive Magnesia Cements 4173 2.1. Reactive Magnesia 4173 2.2. Expansive MgO Cements 4173 2.3. Development of Reactive Magnesia Cements 4174 2.4. Carbonated Magnesia (MgO) Blocks 4176 2.5. Novacem 4177 2.6. Limitations of Carbon Sequestration 4177 2.7. Conclusions 4178 3. Magnesium Phosphate Cements 4178 3.1. Phosphate Bonding of MgO 4178 3.2. Application as Cements 4179 3.3. Method of Action 4179 3.4.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microanalysis of Primary Biological Particles from Model Grass over Its Life Cycle

China

Veghte

Ahkami

et al. 2020

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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“…9 Aerosol particles vary in their particle size, morphology, chemical composition and dispersion and pose a significant impact on climate and public health. [10][11][12] Therefore, it is imperative that morphology and chemical composition of aerosol particles in the atmosphere be determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition and source characterization of PM₁₀ in urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan

Khanum

Chaudhry

Skouteris

et al. 2020

Indoor and Built Environment

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This study aims to assess the physicochemical characteristics of the particulate matter ≤10 µm (PM10) at both congested and non-congested areas of Lahore, the second-largest city of Pakistan. PM10 samples from 10 urban sites in Lahore were analysed for source apportionment. The techniques of scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDX) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) were used to determine the morphology and the chemical composition of PM10. Thirteen elements including toxic metals were consequently detected and quantified: Ca (48.1%), Zn (17.0%), Fe (13.3%), Al (8.2%), Mg (6.6%), Pb (5.5%), Mn (0.4%), Cu (0.3%), Ba (0.17%), Cd (0.15%), Ni (0.04%), Cr (0.01%) and Co (0.008%). The results showed that the daily PM10 concentration was 6%–9% higher than the World Health Organization’s guideline values at all urban sites of Lahore. The congested sites showed higher contents than the non-congested areas for most of the elements, including Cd (41.8%), Cr (35.0%), Zn (19.7%), Cu (12.7%), Ni (6.2%), Ca (3.4%), Ba (1.2%), Mg (1.2%) and Al (0.07%). The non-congested areas showed higher contents only for Pb (0.07%) and Co (4.3%). The principal component analysis indicated that 72% of PM10 originates from road dust and vehicular sources, and 38% from industrial sources.

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“…15 Sulphate particles were found in high abundance (14%-15%) in hot pot and hospital samples in Xi'an, Northwest China. 16 Indoor exposure studies have increased over the last decades, and great interest has grown regarding its influence in electronic materials corrosion. The study of interior environmental elements is closely related to housing affordability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particularities of indoor atmospheric corrosion of steel inside electric boxes in the tropical climate of Tabasco, Mexico

Angel-Meraz

Corvo

Hernandez-Morales

et al. 2020

Indoor and Built Environment

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Indoor corrosion inside electric boxes is important for the reliability of electric and electronic instruments. A parallel evaluation of indoor/outdoor atmospheric corrosion of steel, pollutants and meteorological parameters was made at two sites, i.e. a rural site and a coastal site of the Tabasco State, Mexico. Two exposure conditions were evaluated: outdoors and inside electric boxes. Very low levels of sulphur compounds have been observed at the two exposure sites and two exposure conditions. As expected, corrosion of steel in an open atmosphere is higher than indoors (electric boxes). The difference between corrosion outdoors and inside electric boxes is higher at the coastal site due to the influence of chloride deposition. Significant differences have been observed in the morphology of corrosion products formed on steel. The influence of sun radiation, rain, dew and fog causes the formation of more compact corrosion products. The influence of Time of Wetness outdoors is in some extent equivalent to the influence of relative humidity inside electric boxes. Commonly, chloride deposition is very low indoors, showing low influence on corrosion. However, in particular conditions of Tabasco coastal tropical climate, its role is significant indoors. Reliability of electric and electronic instruments could be affected.

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Microscopic morphology and elemental composition of atmospheric particles from seven micro-environments in Xi’an

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Microanalysis of Primary Biological Particles from Model Grass over Its Life Cycle

Microanalysis of Primary Biological Particles from Model Grass over Its Life Cycle

Chemical composition and source characterization of PM₁₀ in urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan

Particularities of indoor atmospheric corrosion of steel inside electric boxes in the tropical climate of Tabasco, Mexico

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Microscopic morphology and elemental composition of atmospheric particles from seven micro-environments in Xi’an

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Microanalysis of Primary Biological Particles from Model Grass over Its Life Cycle

Microanalysis of Primary Biological Particles from Model Grass over Its Life Cycle

Chemical composition and source characterization of PM10 in urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan

Particularities of indoor atmospheric corrosion of steel inside electric boxes in the tropical climate of Tabasco, Mexico

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Chemical composition and source characterization of PM₁₀ in urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan