microRNA analysis of Taenia crassiceps cysticerci under praziquantel treatment and genome-wide identification of Taenia solium miRNAs

Pérez, Moira; Macchiaroli, Natalia; Lichtenstein, Gabriel; Conti, Gabriela; Asurmendi, Sebastián; Milone, Diego H.; Stegmayer, Georgina; Kamenetzky, Laura; Cucher, Marcela Alejandra; Rosenzvit, Mara Cecília

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2017.04.002

Cited by 16 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first report of successful miRNA knockdown in tapeworms. miR-71 was selected for knockdown experiments since, among other features, miR-71 displayed high expression levels in E. multilocularis primary cells as well as in the larval stages of several cestodes [19]. High abundance of an https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007932.g006 Table 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To identify potential targets of miR-71 in E. multilocularis, three hundred nucleotides were extracted downstream from the stop codon of each E. multilocularis coding gene using customs scripts as previously performed for T. solium [19]. The miRanda algorithm [35] was used to perform the prediction of miR-71 target sites using the predicted set of E. multilocularis 3 0 UTRs.…”

Section: Bioinformatic Prediction Of Mir-71 Target Genes In Echinococmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, we found miRNAs differentially expressed between life cycle stages and species, and identified both parasite-specific miRNAs as well as several which are divergent from miRNAs of the host. We also previously predicted miRNA targets in E. granulosus, E. multilocularis and Taenia solium, using computational tools [18,19]. The studies on miR-NAs in cestodes so far mainly focused on miRNA identification and computational predictions of target genes which inevitably leads to high false positive rates [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deciphering the role of miR-71 in Echinococcus multilocularis early development in vitro

et al. 2019

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Echinococcosis represents a major public health problem worldwide and is considered a neglected disease by the World Health Organization. The etiological agents are Echinococcus tapeworms, which display elaborate developmental traits that imply a complex control of gene expression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small regulatory RNAs, are involved in the regulation of many biological processes such as development and metabolism. They act through the repression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) usually by binding to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR). Previously, we described the miRNome of several Echinococcus species and found that miRNAs are highly expressed in all life cycle stages, suggesting an important role in gene expression regulation. However, studying the role of miRNAs in helminth biology remains a challenge. To develop methodology for functional analysis of miR-NAs in tapeworms, we performed miRNA knockdown experiments in primary cell cultures of Echinococcus multilocularis, which mimic the development of metacestode vesicles from parasite stem cells in vitro. First, we analysed the miRNA repertoire of E. multilocularis primary cells by small RNA-seq and found that miR-71, a bilaterian miRNA absent in vertebrate hosts, is one of the top five most expressed miRNAs. Using genomic information and bioinformatic algorithms for miRNA binding prediction, we found a high number of potential miR-71 targets in E. multilocularis. Inhibition of miRNAs can be achieved by transfection of antisense oligonucleotides (anti-miRs) that block miRNA function. To this end, we evaluated a variety of chemically modified anti-miRs for miR-71 knockdown. Electroporation of primary cells with 2'-O-methyl modified anti-miR-71 led to significantly reduced miR-71 levels. Transcriptomic analyses showed that several predicted miR-71 targets were up-regulated in anti-miR-treated primary cells, including genes potentially involved in parasite development, host parasite interaction, and several genes of as yet unknown function. Notably, miR-71silenced primary cell cultures showed a strikingly different phenotype from control cells and did not develop into fully mature metacestodes. These findings indicate an important function of miR-71 in Echinococcus development and provide, for the first time, methodology to functionally study miRNAs in a tapeworm.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bioinformatic Prediction Of Mir-71 Target Genes In Echinococmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deciphering the role of miR-71 in Echinococcus multilocularis early development in vitro

et al. 2019

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“…squamata were shared with all other flatworms studied so far [39,48,56,57] . Interestingly, some of the gastrotrich miRNAs showed extended precursor lengths of up to 386 nucleotides, which, to this date, has only been described in flatworms [39,50,58] . Taken together, we found a near complete set of miRNAs that by the presence and absence of particular miRNA families, their high sequence similarities and the length of some precursors support a close relationship of gastrotrichs and flatworms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Evolutionary implications of the microRNA- and piRNA complement of Lepidodermella squamata (Gastrotricha)

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Tosar

Aguilera

et al. 2018

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183/200)Gastrotrichs -hairy bellies -are microscopic free-living animals inhabiting marine and freshwater habitats. Based on morphological and early molecular analyses, gastrotrichs were placed close to nematodes, but recent phylogenomic analyses have suggested their close relationship to flatworms (Platyhelminthes) within Spiralia. Small non-coding RNA data on e.g. microRNAs (miRNAs) and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNA) may help to resolve this long-standing question. MiRNAs are short post-transcriptional gene regulators that together with piRNAs play key roles in development. In a 'multi-omics' approach we here used small-RNA sequencing, available transcriptome and genomic data to unravel the miRNA-and piRNA complements along with the RNAi protein machinery of Lepidodermella squamata (Gastrotricha, Chaetonotida). We identified 52 miRNA genes representing 35 highly conserved miRNA families specific to Eumetazoa, Bilateria, Protostomia, and Spiralia, respectively, with overall high similarities to platyhelminth miRNA complements. In addition, we found four large piRNA clusters that also resemble flatworm piRNAs but not those earlier described for nematodes. Congruently, transcriptomic annotation revealed that the Lepidodermella protein machinery is highly similar to flatworms, too. Taken together, miRNA, piRNA and protein data support a close relationship of gastrotrichs and flatworms.

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“…We hypothesize that miRNAs identified in other cestodes might share functional features with those of T. solium . Currently, the genome of this parasite is being explored in the search for miRNAs (Pérez et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs in Taenia solium Neurocysticercosis: Insights as Promising Agents in Host-Parasite Interaction and Their Potential as Biomarkers

et al. 2017

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Although, several miRNAs have been identified in parasitic helminths, there is little information about their identification and function in Taenia. Furthermore, the impact of miRNAs in neurocysticercosis, the brain infection caused by larvae of Taenia solium is still unknown. During chronic infection, T. solium may activate numerous mechanisms aimed to modulate host immune responses. Helminthic miRNAs might also have effects on host mRNA expression and thus play an important role regulating host-parasite interactions. Also, the diagnosis of this disease is difficult and it usually requires neuroimaging and confirmatory serology. Since miRNAs are stable when released, they can be detected in body fluids and therefore have potential to diagnose infection, determine parasite burden, and ascertain effectiveness of treatment or disease progression, for instance. This review discusses the potential roles of miRNAs in T. solium infection, including regulation of host-parasite relationships and their eventual use as diagnostic or disease biomarkers. Additionally, we summarize the bioinformatics resources available for identification of T. solium miRNAs and prediction of their targets.

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microRNA analysis of Taenia crassiceps cysticerci under praziquantel treatment and genome-wide identification of Taenia solium miRNAs

Cited by 16 publications

References 51 publications

Deciphering the role of miR-71 in Echinococcus multilocularis early development in vitro

Deciphering the role of miR-71 in Echinococcus multilocularis early development in vitro

Evolutionary implications of the microRNA- and piRNA complement of Lepidodermella squamata (Gastrotricha)

MicroRNAs in Taenia solium Neurocysticercosis: Insights as Promising Agents in Host-Parasite Interaction and Their Potential as Biomarkers

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