Microfluidic synthesis of ultra-small magnetic nanohybrids for enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

Wang, Junmei; Zhao, Kai; Shen, Xiaomiao; Zhang, Weiwei; Ji, Shaoxia; Song, Yujun; Zhang, Xiaodong; Rong, Rong; Wang, Xiaoying

doi:10.1039/c5tc02279g

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(127 reference statements)

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“…Single phase Tubular Teflon <5 MRI enhancement [112] hexahydrate and aqueous NaOH. The reactants were mixed in a T-junction with a 50 µm internal diameter, after which they were heated in an oil bath to temperatures ranging from 100 to 230 °C, followed by an on-chip rapid cooling using a water bath to quench the reaction.…”

Section: Metal Oxide Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microfluidic Synthesis of Semiconductor Materials: Toward Accelerated Materials Development in Flow

Campbell

Bateni

Volk

et al. 2020

Part & Part Syst Charact

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Semiconductors are intriguing due to their unique electrical properties, particularly the behavior of their electrons in the presence of different stimuli (e.g., electric field, magnetic field, light irradiation), which differ greatly from conducting (i.e., metals) and insulating materials. In insulators and semiconductors, the available electronic states are discontinuous, with the existence of a gap between the lower energy states, commonly referred to as the valence band (VB), and the higher energy states, known as the conduction band (CB). The distinguishing factor between these materials is the size of the energy difference between the highest energy state in the VB and the lowest energy state in the CB, called the band gap. In insulators, the band gap is very large, making it difficult, if not impossible, to cause an electron to move from the VB to the CB. By comparison, semiconductors possess narrow to moderate band gaps, implying that it is possible to introduce enough energy to an electron to cause it to move from the VB to the CB, enabling electron transfer, the use of high energy electrons, or the emission of energy (i.e., photons) when the electron returns from the CB to the VB. The wide range of industrial application-specific requirements demands versatility in the target characteristics of semiconductor materials (e.g., size, morphology, composition, band gap, emission wavelength), which are vastly different from those commonly used in thin-film transistors. Typically, the semiconductor materials synthesized for use in the above applications are particulate materials produced across a range of sizes spanning five orders of magnitude (from just a few nm to hundreds of µm), and can be divided into two overarching categories, nano-and microsized particulate materials. Nanosized semiconductor materials, due in large part to their miniscule dimensions, present a variety of intriguing characteristics not observed in microsized semiconductor particles. First and foremost, if the dimensions of the semiconductor material decrease below a certain threshold known as the Bohr radius, the absorption and emission energies become highly dependent on the particle size, a phenomenon known as quantum confinement. [28-30] Moreover, nanosized structures have significantly larger surface-to-volume ratios which increases the surface contribution to the total free energy of the semiconductor materials, making them highly soluble [29] and therefore much easier to process and handle. Thus far, nanosized semiconductor particles have been effectively utilized in sensors, [7] LEDs, [9] Controlled synthesis of semiconductor nano/microparticles has attracted sub stantial attention for use in numerous applications from photovoltaics to photo catalysis and bioimaging due to the breadth of available physicochemical and optoelectronic properties. Microfluidic material synthesis strategies have recently been demonstrated as an effective technique for rapid development, controlled synthesis, and continuous manufacturing of solutionpr...

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Section: Metal Oxide Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reaction was conducted at 400 °C and 30 MPa with a residence time of 20 ms and resulted in 10 nm nanoparticles ( Figure 3F). [111] Finally, Wang et al [112] synthesized novel Fe (…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Synthesis of Semiconductor Materials: Toward Accelerated Materials Development in Flow

Campbell

Bateni

Volk

et al. 2020

Part & Part Syst Charact

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“…Our group has developed this formation mechanism according to our reaction systems via metal salt reduction to synthesize nanoparticles . Then, we invented a simple programmed microfluidic process to control each stage according to the modified formation mechanism of nanoparticles.…”

Section: The Formation Mechanism Of Nanohybridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Synthesis of Nanohybrids

Wang

Song

2017

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Nanohybrids composed of two or more components exhibit many distinct physicochemical properties and hold great promise for applications in optics, electronics, magnetics, new energy, environment protection, and biomedical engineering. Microfluidic systems exhibit many advantages due to their unique characteristics of narrow channels, variable length, controllable number of channels and multiple integrations. Particularly their spatial-temporarily splitting of the formation stages during nanomaterials formation along the microfluidic channels favors the online control of the reaction kinetic parameters and in situ tuning of the product properties. This Review is focused on the features of the current types of microfluidic devices in the synthesis of different types of nanohybrids based on the classification of the four main kinds of materials: metal, nonmetal inorganic, polymer and composites. Their morphologies, compositions and properties can be adjusted conveniently in these synthesis systems. Synthesis advantages of varieties of microfluidic devices for specific nanohybrids of defined surfaces and interfaces are presented according to their process and microstructure features of devices as compared with conventional methods. A summary is presented, and challenges are put forward for the future development of the microfluidic synthesis of nanohybrids for advanced applications.

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“…Microfluidic chips offer a variety of advantages over conventional batch reactors for the synthesis of nanoparticles . The large surface area to volume ratio of microfluidic chips could provide excellent mixing efficiency and massively reduce the characteristic time of heat and mass transport processes .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant‐mediated synthesis in a microfluidic chip yields spherical Ag nanoparticles and PSD simulation by a PBE‐assisted strategy

Liu

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2017

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) were plant-mediated synthesized in a microfluidic chip at room temperature. The formation process and particle size distribution (PSD) were numerically simulated by a multiphase flow model incorporating reactive kinetics and a population balance equation (PBE). The influences of flow rate on particle size distribution were demonstrated in detail by both experimental research and simulative analysis. RESULTS: It was found that there was an identified microfluidic chip flow rate distinguishing the influences into two stages. At the first stage, mixing efficiency was the restrictive factor while residence time was the restrictive factor at the second stage.CONCLUSION: It has been concluded that the identified flow rate is the balance between mixing efficiency and residence time at which the average particle size can achieve the maximum value.

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Microfluidic synthesis of ultra-small magnetic nanohybrids for enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

Abstract: We have developed a core alloying and shell gradient doping strategy for the controlled surface modification of Fe or CoFe nanoparticles for enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

Cited by 37 publications

References 62 publications

Microfluidic Synthesis of Semiconductor Materials: Toward Accelerated Materials Development in Flow

Microfluidic Synthesis of Semiconductor Materials: Toward Accelerated Materials Development in Flow

Microfluidic Synthesis of Nanohybrids

Plant‐mediated synthesis in a microfluidic chip yields spherical Ag nanoparticles and PSD simulation by a PBE‐assisted strategy

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