Microcystin production by a freshwater spring cyanobacterium of the genus Fischerella

Report of the cyanotoxins cylindrospermopsin and deoxy-cylindrospermopsin from Raphidiopsis mediterranea Skuja (Cyanobacteria/Nostocales)

“…Seifert et al, 2007;Wood et al, 2007Wood et al, , 2010Fiore et al, 2009;Mohamed and Al Sheri, 2009;Mohamed and Al Shehri, 2010;Osswald et al, 2009;Bernard et al, 2010). This research has shown that R. mediterranea can produce CYN and deoxy-CYN at concentrations comparable to C. raciborskii and should therefore be considered as a potential CYN-producer when assessing the suitability of raw waters for beneficial use including drinking water and primary contact recreational activities.…”

Comparative Protein Expression in Different Strains of the Bloom-forming Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa

“…Microcystins are cyclic heptapeptides with the general structure cyclo-(-D-Ala-L-X-D-MeAsp-L-Z-Adda-D-Glu-Mdha), where Adda is 3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8,-trimethyl-10-phenyl-4,6,-decadienoic acid, MeAsp is 3-methylaspartic acid, and Mdha is N-methyl-dehydroalanine (4). The most common isoform produced is microcystin-LR (MC-LR) 1 with a molecular weight of 995 Da. Incorporation of variable amino acids at the X and Z positions, together with differences in the peptide backbone, account for the generation of close to 90 microcystin isoforms that have been identified to date, each with differing polarity and toxicity (2,5,6).…”

LC–ESI-Q-TOF-MS for faster and accurate determination of microcystins and nodularins in serum

“…Plasma has been studied with TOF-MS instrumentation [27,28], but in these studies the quantitation is not based on accurate mass. For microcystin analysis, a TOF instrument has been used mainly for structural analysis [29][30][31] and for quantitative purposes [25,32]. The complementing information provided by the tandem MS fragmentation of the quadrupole has seldom been utilised.…”