Microbiome shifts associated with the introduction of wild Atlantic horseshoe crabs (<i>Limulus polyphemus</i>) into a touch-tank exhibit

Friel, Ariel D.; Neiswenter, Sean A.; Seymour, Cale O.; Bali, Lauren Rose; McNamara, Ginger; Leija, Fabian; Jewell, Jack; Hedlund, Brian P.

doi:10.1101/2020.02.27.968784

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…3): strains SD5 T and BL5, which are adapted to a free‐living lifestyle, are more closely related to other fusobacteria with a free‐living lifestyle. However, previous 16S rRNA gene‐based studies indicated that their closest phylogenetic neighbours are associated with various marine organisms that do possess a host‐associated lifestyle (Palmer et al ., 1994; Fernandez‐Piquer et al ., 2012; Nelson et al ., 2013; Bik et al ., 2016; Eisenberg et al ., 2016; Aronson et al ., 2017; Friel et al ., 2020; Lai et al ., 2020). For example, Psychrilyobacter spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we have examined the distribution and abundance of fusobacterial members in the Black Sea water column. The Black Sea is the largest permanent anoxic basin on Earth, with a maximum depth of approximately 2200 m. The Black Sea deep waters (>2000 m) are characterized recalcitrant nutrient conditions (i.e., the presence of difficult to degrade sulfurized dissolved organic matters; Gomez-Saez et al, 2021), elevated hydrostatic pressure and high sulfide concentration (400 μM; Volkov and Neretin, 2007), conditions that are expected to harbour microorganisms adapted to deal with those conditions (e.g., Vetriani et al, 2003;Wakeham et al, 2003Wakeham et al, , 2007Lin et al, 2006;Leloup et al, 2007;Henkel et al, 2019;Yadav et al, 2020;Suominen et al, 2021aSuominen et al, , 2021b. Here, we have successfully enriched members of the genus Psychrilyobacter (up to 58% of the total microbial community) of the phylum Fusobacteria and isolated two representative strains (Psychrilyobacter sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The physiology and metabolic properties of a novel, low‐abundance Psychrilyobacter species isolated from the anoxic Black Sea shed light on its ecological role

Yadav

Koenen

Bale

et al. 2021

Environ Microbiol Rep

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Members of the Psychrilyobacter spp. of the phylum Fusobacteria have been recently suggested to be amongst the most significant primary degraders of the detrital organic matter in sulfidic marine habitats, despite representing only a small proportion (<0.1%) of the microbial community. In this study, we have isolated a previously uncultured Psychrilyobacter species (strains SD5 T and BL5; Psychrilyobacter piezotolerans sp. nov.) from the sulfidic waters (i.e., 2000 m depth) of the Black Sea and investigated its physiology and genomic capability in order to better understand potential ecological adaptation strategies. P. piezotolerans utilized a broad range of organic substituents (carbohydrates and proteins) and, remarkably, grew at sulfide concentrations up to 32 mM. These flexible physiological properties were supported by the presence of the respective metabolic pathways in the genomes of both strains. Growth at varying hydrostatic pressure (0.1-50 MPa) was sustained by modifying its membrane lipid composition. Thus, we have isolated a novel member of the 'rare biosphere', which endures the extreme conditions and may play a significant role in the degradation of detrital organic matter sinking into the sulfidic waters of the Black Sea.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physiology and metabolic properties of a novel, low‐abundance Psychrilyobacter species isolated from the anoxic Black Sea shed light on its ecological role

Yadav

Koenen

Bale

et al. 2021

Environ Microbiol Rep

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“…All the standards and the samples were run in triplicate with R 2 between 0.99870 and 0.99980 and amplification efficiencies between 93% and 98%. To estimate bacterial abundance, the absolute values of the 16S rRNA gene were divided by a mean of 4 gene copies/bacterial cell-based on literature [ 40 – 45 ] and calculated through the Ribosomal RNA Database (rrnDB, Lee ZM-P: http://rrndb.mmg.msu.edu/search.php ) based on the most abundant phyla associated to crab gills: Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes [ 23 , 46 ]. Values were then normalized per mg of gill fresh weight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characteristics and abundance of prokaryotes associated with gills in mangrove brachyuran crabs living along a tidal gradient

et al. 2022

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Due to the chemico-physical differences between air and water, the transition from aquatic life to the land poses several challenges for animal evolution, necessitating morphological, physiological and behavioural adaptations. Microbial symbiosis is known to have played an important role in eukaryote evolution, favouring host adaptation under changing environmental conditions. We selected mangrove brachyuran crabs as a model group to investigate the prokaryotes associated with the gill of crabs dwelling at different tidal levels (subtidal, intertidal and supratidal). In these animals, the gill undergoes a high selective pressure, finely regulating multiple physiological functions during both animal submersion under and emersion from the periodical tidal events. We hypothesize that similarly to other marine animals, the gills of tidal crabs are consistently colonized by prokaryotes that may quantitatively change along the environmental gradient driven by the tides. Using electron microscopy techniques, we found a thick layer of prokaryotes over the gill surfaces of all of 12 crab species from the mangrove forests of Saudi Arabia, Kenya and South Africa. We consistently observed two distinct morphotypes (rod- and spherical-shaped), positioned horizontally and/or perpendicularly to the gill surface. The presence of replicating cells indicated that the prokaryote layer is actively growing on the gill surface. Quantitative analysis of scanning electron microscopy images and the quantification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene by qPCR revealed a higher specific abundance of prokaryote cells per gill surface area in the subtidal species than those living in the supratidal zone. Our results revealed a correlation between prokaryote colonization of the gill surfaces and the host lifestyle. This finding indicates a possible role of prokaryote partnership within the crab gills, with potential effects on animal adaptation to different levels of the intertidal gradient present in the mangrove ecosystem.

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“…Vibrio was one of the taxa that was associated with heavier birds and is known to be a main microbial producer of polyunsaturated fatty acids [62]. Vibrio are also found in the horseshoe crab microbiome [69], so the increase could be due to dietary intake and benefit the host. Hosts could also be internally filtering for Vibrio , or both processes could happen in tandem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional and compositional changes in the fecal microbiome of a shorebird during pre-migratory weight gain

Hird

Grond

Louyakis

2022

Preprint

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Shorebirds migrate long distances twice annually, which requires intense physiological and morphological adaptations, including the ability to rapidly gain weight via fat deposition at stopover locations. The role of the microbiome in weight gain in avian hosts is unresolved, but there is substantial evidence to support the hypothesis that the microbiome is involved with host weight from mammalian microbiome literature. Here, we collected 100 fecal samples of Ruddy Turnstones to investigate microbiome composition and function during stopover weight gain in Delaware Bay, USA. Using 16S rRNA sequencing on 90 of these samples and metatranscriptomic sequencing on 22, we show that taxonomic composition of the microbiome shifts during weight gain, as do functional aspects of the metatranscriptome. We identified ten genes that are associated with weight class and polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in the microbiota is significantly increasing as birds gain weight. Our results support that the microbiome is a dynamic feature of host biology that interacts with both the host and the environment and may be involved in the rapid weight gain of shorebirds.

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Microbiome shifts associated with the introduction of wild Atlantic horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) into a touch-tank exhibit

Cited by 6 publications

References 81 publications

The physiology and metabolic properties of a novel, low‐abundance Psychrilyobacter species isolated from the anoxic Black Sea shed light on its ecological role

The physiology and metabolic properties of a novel, low‐abundance Psychrilyobacter species isolated from the anoxic Black Sea shed light on its ecological role

Morphological characteristics and abundance of prokaryotes associated with gills in mangrove brachyuran crabs living along a tidal gradient

Functional and compositional changes in the fecal microbiome of a shorebird during pre-migratory weight gain

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