Microbiological and SEM-EDS Evaluation of Titanium Surfaces Exposed to Periodontal Gel: In Vitro Study

Abstract

Inflammatory diseases affecting the soft and hard tissues surrounding an implant represent a new challenge in contemporary implant dentistry. Among several methods proposed for the decontamination of titanium surfaces, the administration of topical 14% doxycycline gel seems to be a reliable option. In the present study, we evaluated the microbial effect of 14% doxycycline gel applied on titanium surfaces and exposed to human salivary microbes in anaerobic conditions. We also examined the composition of the exposed surfaces to assess the safe use of periodontal gel on titanium surfaces. Six anatase and six type 5 alloy titanium surfaces were used and divided into two groups: The test group and the positive control group. Both were cultured with human salivary samples in anaerobic conditions. On the test groups, 240 mg of periodontal gel was applied. The microbial assessment was performed with a colony-forming unit (CFU) count and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) to identify the species. The surface integrity was assessed using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS). The results demonstrated the microbial efficacy of the 14% doxycycline periodontal gel and its safe use on titanium surfaces. However, the SEM observations revealed the permanence of the gel on the titanium surfaces due to the physical composition of the gel. This permanence needs to be further investigated in vivo and a final polishing protocol on the titanium surface is recommended.

In Vitro Evaluation of Bacterial Adhesion and Bacterial Viability of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Porphyromonas gingivalis on the Abutment Surface of Titanium and Zirconium Dental Implants

“…These characteristics are of special importance in the current implantology because the implant constitutes a key element for an adequate and sustainable osseointegration in the process of restoring a tooth that was extracted due to caries, disruptive periodontal disease, or agenesis [20–23]. In this context, inflammatory diseases, including infections that affect the soft and hard tissues surrounding an implant, represent a challenge in the search for strategies for decontamination of implant surfaces and identification of the bacteria that can colonize these structures in order to maintain a healthy interface between connective tissue and implants [24, 25].…”

Scanning Electron Microscopy Approach for Evaluation of Hair Dyed with Lawsonia inermis Powder: in vitro Study

“…The samples were prepared for conventional SEM analysis. Briefly, the dried samples were put on aluminum stubs and gold coated (Kaliyadan et al, 2016;Palmerini et al, 2018;Bernardi et al, , 2019. Images of hair samples were captured with the scanning electron microscope (Philips XL30CP, the Netherlands) at 20 kV and at a magnification of 1000x and 2000x.…”

Debonding and Clean-Up in Orthodontics: Evaluation of Different Techniques and Micro-Morphological Aspects of the Enamel Surface

“…Pre-and post-clean-up replicas were dried with compressed air, mounted on an aluminum platform, and analysed under controlled pressure with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), as previously described [10][11][12][13][14] (XL 30 CP, Philips, Eindhoven, The Netherlands). SEM observations and comparisons of the pre-treatment images and the post-treatment images allowed us to distinguish the residual adhesive (Figures 1-3).…”