Microbiological and physicochemical analysis of the coastal waters of southern Brazil

Moresco, Vanessa; Viancelli, Aline; Nascimento, Mariana; Souza, Dóris Sobral Marques; Ramos, Ana Paula; Garcia, Lucas Ariel Totaro; Simões, Claudia Maria de Oliveira; Barardi, Célia Regina Monte

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.10.026

Cited by 70 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Several studies have documented higher prevalences and levels of both NoV GI and NoV GII in commercially harvested shellfish during the winter (102,103,104,105,106,107), although some studies have reported no substantial summer-winter seasonality with respect to the prevalence of these genogroups in shellfish (108) and shellfish-growing waters (109). This discrepancy could be due to high fluxes of sewage contamination throughout the year in the latter study sites.…”

Section: Seasonal and Environmental Influencesmentioning

confidence: 82%

Environmental Transmission of Human Noroviruses in Shellfish Waters

Campos

Lees

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Human noroviruses (NoV) are the most common cause of epidemic gastroenteritis following consumption of bivalve shellfish contaminated with fecal matter. NoV levels can be effectively reduced by some sewage treatment processes such as activated sludge and membrane bioreactors. However, tertiary sewage treatment and substantial sewage dilution are usually required to achieve low concentrations of virus in shellfish. Most outbreaks have been associated with shellfish harvested from waters affected by untreated sewage from, for example, storm overflows or overboard disposal of feces from boats. In coastal waters, NoV can remain in suspension or associate with organic and inorganic matter and be accumulated by shellfish. Shellfish take considerably longer to purge NoV than fecal indicator bacteria when transferred from sewage-polluted estuarine waters to uncontaminated waters. The abundance and distribution of NoV in shellfish waters are influenced by the levels of sewage treatment, proximity of shellfish beds to sewage sources, rainfall, river flows, salinity, and water temperature. Detailed site-specific information on these factors is required to design measures to control the viral risk.

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Section: Seasonal and Environmental Influencesmentioning

confidence: 82%

Environmental Transmission of Human Noroviruses in Shellfish Waters

Campos

Lees

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Bosch et al (1991) reported the occurrence of water samples contaminated with rotavirus, enterovirus and HAV, however, free of bacterial indicators. Moresco et al (2012) detected the presence of E. coli in all water samples collected from Florianópolis city beaches.…”

Section: Indicators Of Viral Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Waterborne Viral Pathogens: Detection, Control and Monitoring of Water Quality for Human Consumption

Faccin-Galhardi¹,

Lopes²,

Espada³

et al. 2013

VR&R

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The viral contamination of water for human consumption is a common cause of diseases outbreaks, therefore, a matter of great relevance for public health, especially in developing countries. In most countries, legislation recommends the study of coliforms to indicate the potability of water, however, this is not correlated with the presence of virus. The present review sought to characterize the epidemiological importance of waterborne viral diseases and the limitations of laboratorial detection and elimination of these pathogens. Besides, the state of art of virus as a tool to assess the quality of the water, as well as, the use of a single virus as the indicator of environmental contamination by virus itself are presented. Reports have demonstrated that some viruses are resistant to conventional water treatment process. Changes in water treatment policy should be achieved, and, should involve viral detection and resistance to physical and chemical agents, amongst other methods. However, we have to bear in mind that the decrease of waterborne infectious diseases is greatly dependent upon the improvement of sanitation, water treatment, together with preventive measures. All those measures together could ensure appropriate conditions for the promotion of human health and the reduction of environmental impacts.

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“…The virus can survive for up to 60 days in tap water, over 6 weeks in river water, over 8 weeks in groundwater and even up to 30 weeks in sea water [68]. HAVs have been detected in different water environments: wastewaters [69][70][71][72][73][74], treated effluents [75], surface waters [51,[76][77][78][79][80], and drinking waters [81][82][83]. Outbreaks of hepatitis A among persons who use small private or community wells have been reported [84][85][86][87].…”

Section: Hepatitis a Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging and potentially emerging viruses in water environments

Rosa

Fratini

Libera

et al. 2012

Annali Dell'Istituto Superiore Di Sanità

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Abstract. Among microorganisms, viruses are best fit to become emerging pathogens since they are able to adapt not only by mutation but also through recombination and reassortment and can thus become able to infect new hosts and to adjust to new environments. Enteric viruses are among the commonest and most hazardous waterborne pathogens, causing both sporadic and outbreak-related illness. The main health effect associated with enteric viruses is gastrointestinal illness, but they can also cause respiratory symptoms, conjunctivitis, hepatitis, central nervous system infections, and chronic diseases. Non-enteric viruses, such as respiratory and epitheliotrophic viruses are not considered waterborne, as they are not readily transmitted to water sources from infected individuals. The present review will focus on viral pathogens shown to be transmitted through water. It will also provide an overview of viruses that had not been a concern for waterborne transmission in the past, but that may represent potentially emerging waterborne pathogens due to their occurrence and persistence in water environments.Key words: viruses, waterborne, emerging, drinking water, recreational water. Riassunto (Infezioni emergenti e potenzialmente emergenti in ambienti acquatici).I virus sono tra i principali agenti di infezioni emergenti, in quanto sono in grado di acquisire nuove caratteristiche biologiche attraverso fenomeni di mutazione, ricombinazione e riassortimento genico, adattandosi così a nuovi ospiti e nuove nicchie ecologiche. I virus enterici sono tra le principali cause di malattie infettive di origine idrica, che possono manifestarsi come casi sporadici o cluster epidemici. Le manifestazioni cliniche più comuni sono le gastroenteriti; tuttavia i virus enterici sono in grado di causare anche sintomi respiratori, congiuntiviti, epatiti, infezioni del sistema nervoso centrale e malattie croniche. La presente rassegna fornisce una panoramica dei virus enterici tradizionalmente associati alle malattie idrotrasmesse; mostra inoltre dati epidemiologici su alcuni gruppi di virus che non sono stati associati a malattie idrodiffuse in passato (inclusi virus respiratori ed epiteliotropici), ma che possono rappresentare nuovi patogeni emergenti a causa della loro presenza e persistenza in ambienti acquatici.Parole chiave: virus, malattie idrotrasmesse, patogeni emergenti, acque potabili, acque ricreative.

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Microbiological and physicochemical analysis of the coastal waters of southern Brazil

Cited by 70 publications

References 44 publications

Environmental Transmission of Human Noroviruses in Shellfish Waters

Environmental Transmission of Human Noroviruses in Shellfish Waters

Waterborne Viral Pathogens: Detection, Control and Monitoring of Water Quality for Human Consumption

Emerging and potentially emerging viruses in water environments

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